Linux Kernel: security vulnerability (CVE-2026-98568)
Published Last modified Sources: Debian LTS, Msrc Update Guide, CVE.org, BSI
What is affected, what to do
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vxlan: use one headroom snapshot for neighbour replies vxlan_na_create() samples LL_RESERVED_SPACE() to size the reply skb and then samples it again to reserve headroom. A concurrent vxlan_changelink() can update needed_headroom between the two reads, creating a TOCTOU race.
The available sources name no fixed version. Check the vendor guidance in the references below.
Conflicting version data — version display is hidden until the data is resolved.
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Metrics
6.0
Priority
XIEM Effective CVSS: highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.
Source: Vendor (CNA), CVSS v3
6.0
CVSS v3
Severity Medium on the scale from 0 to 10.
Source: Debian LTS, Msrc Update Guide, CVE.org, BSI
0.2 %
EPSS score
Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.
Source: FIRST EPSS, percentile 11.3
Show all metrics
- Severity
- Medium
Priority (0–325)
The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first?
Read in glossary- 60.79 Methodology
Exploit maturity
An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack.
Read in glossary- no public PoC known
XIEM Effective CVSS
XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command.
Read in glossary- 6.0 Methodology
CVSS v3
CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.
Read in glossary- 6.0
EPSS score
The EPSS score is the absolute model output for an individual vulnerability: the estimated probability of real-world exploitation within the next 30 days, expressed as a value between 0 and 1 (i.e. 0 % to 100 %). A score of 0.42 means „the model estimates a 42 % chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days“.
Read in glossary- 0.2 %
- Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.
EPSS percentile
The EPSS percentile is the relative position of a vulnerability within all EPSS-scored CVEs, expressed as a value between 0 and 1. A percentile of 0.90 means „this CVE has a higher EPSS score than 90 % of all other scored CVEs“. Unlike the EPSS score, it is not a probability — but a positioning within a ranking.
Read in glossary- 11.3
- Elevated — this CVE ranks above at least 10% of all CVEs scored today.
KEV status
The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.
Read in glossary- —
- Published
Detection rules
No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.
Classification under NIS2 and CRA
Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.
NIS2
NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management.
Read in glossary- Handle the vulnerability in regular vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2.
CRA
The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates.
Read in glossary- From 11.12.2027, Annex I Part II CRA requires manufacturers of affected products with digital elements to handle vulnerabilities without delay and provide security updates.
ISO/IEC 27001
ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security.
Read in glossary- Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vxlan: use one headroom snapshot for neighbour replies vxlan_na_create() samples LL_RESERVED_SPACE() to size the reply skb and then samples it again to reserve headroom. A concurrent vxlan_changelink() can update needed_headroom between the two reads, creating a TOCTOU race. The second value can exceed the allocation and make the Ethernet header write out of bounds. The race is reproducible on the unpatched kernel. It occurred when vxlan_na_create() generated a neighbour reply while vxlan_changelink() changed the link headroom. KASAN caught a four-byte write two bytes beyond a 704-byte skbuff_small_head allocation. Snapshot the headroom once and use that value for both allocation and reservation.
Source: Debian LTS Advisories, Microsoft Security Update Guide, NVD (NIST), cvelistv5, BSI WID Portal, BSI CSAF
Affected products
The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.
| Affected versions | Fixed in | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
|
|
Vendors and products
Affected operating systems
| Linux | debian | linux-6.12 | bookworm |
References & sources
- git.kernel.orgstable/c/315d42ca39f69846662961c25dcf2bb07c350d14
- git.kernel.orgstable/c/45a67662bf8ce3aa5643accf98d328dfbb47eaf6
- git.kernel.orgstable/c/481506a756dcd828ef42391cb08f38d8d96d38fc
- git.kernel.orgstable/c/a3c5eb6e382dd426a5e7eb08608897ed57167ff7
- git.kernel.orgstable/c/ff022fd9d0f0282c575e11778b96bd1b637503eb
- git.kernel.orgstable/c/9ed5a548b42d46e6968a46b67ca8a8e49b12a5a1
- git.kernel.orgstable/c/e3e24f4c434c56952412f875b834aa9daaa4fb15
- git.kernel.orgstable/c/fcaf456092dc86fd5b0b523ac27ec0d114066931
Changes to this CVE
Who changed this CVE and when: NVD (analysis, affected products, CVSS), the CVE publisher (CNA) and additional providers such as CISA (ADP).
Record modifiedLinux
Show 4 original changes
Individual changes of this event as published by NVD Type Action Before After Affected versions (publisher) added —Affected value modified. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/98xxx/CVE-2026-98568.json">CVE-2026-98568</a>Reference added —https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9ed5a548b42d46e6968a46b67ca8a8e49b12a5a1Reference added —https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e3e24f4c434c56952412f875b834aa9daaa4fb15Reference added —https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fcaf456092dc86fd5b0b523ac27ec0d114066931Source identifier: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Record modifiedLinux
1 individual change: Affected versions (publisher)
Show the original change
Individual changes of this event as published by NVD Type Action Before After Affected versions (publisher) added —Affected value modified. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/98xxx/CVE-2026-98568.json">CVE-2026-98568</a>Source identifier: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
ReceivedLinux
Description added or changed
New references:- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/315d42ca39f69846662961c25dcf2bb07c350d14
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/45a67662bf8ce3aa5643accf98d328dfbb47eaf6
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/481506a756dcd828ef42391cb08f38d8d96d38fc
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a3c5eb6e382dd426a5e7eb08608897ed57167ff7
and 1 more reference
Show 7 original changes
Individual changes of this event as published by NVD Type Action Before After Description added —In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vxlan: use one headroom snapshot for neighbour replies vxlan_na_create() samples LL_RESERVED_SPACE() to size the reply skb and then samples it again to reserve headroom. A concurrent vxlan_changelink() can update needed_headroom between the two reads, creating a TOCTOU race. The second value can exceed the allocation and make the Ethernet header write out of bounds. The race is reproducible on the unpatched kernel. It occurred when vxlan_na_create() generated a neighbour reply while vxlan_changelink() changed the link headroom. KASAN caught a four-byte write two bytes beyond a 704-byte skbuff_small_head allocation. Snapshot the headroom once and use that value for both allocation and reservation.Affected versions (publisher) added —New affected value received. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/98xxx/CVE-2026-98568.json">CVE-2026-98568</a>Reference added —https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/315d42ca39f69846662961c25dcf2bb07c350d14Reference added —https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/45a67662bf8ce3aa5643accf98d328dfbb47eaf6Reference added —https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/481506a756dcd828ef42391cb08f38d8d96d38fcReference added —https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a3c5eb6e382dd426a5e7eb08608897ed57167ff7Reference added —https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ff022fd9d0f0282c575e11778b96bd1b637503ebSource identifier: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
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<a href="https://intel.neosec.eu/en/cve/CVE-2026-98568"><img src="https://intel.neosec.eu/badge/cve/CVE-2026-98568.svg?lang=en" alt="CVE-2026-98568 – NEOSEC Intel" height="20"></a>