MediumCVE-2026-59181

    OpenImageIO: Stack buffer overflow in OpenImageIO Cineon reader via unchecked numberOfElements (CVE-2026-59181)

    Published Last modified Sources: CVE.org, EUVD

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    What is affected, what to do

    OpenImageIO is a toolset for reading, writing, and manipulating image files of any image file format relevant to VFX / animation. Prior to 3.0.20.0, 3.1.15.0, and 3.2.0.3-beta1, A crafted cineon file can supply a numberofelements value greater than the format maximum of eight. cineoninput::open() uses that unchecked value as the loop bound while filling the fixed strings[8] array, writing pointers beyond the stack buffer and into adjacent state, resulting in memory corruption and denial of service.

    Update AcademySoftwareFoundation OpenImageIO to version 3.0.20.0.

    Affected
    • AcademySoftwareFoundation OpenImageIO gte 3.1.0.0, < 3.1.15.0..*
    • AcademySoftwareFoundation OpenImageIO lt *..3.0.20.0
    Fixed in
    • AcademySoftwareFoundation OpenImageIO 3.0.20.0

    Not sure whether and how you are affected? Ask a question about this vulnerability

    Metrics

    6.1

    XIEM Effective CVSS

    Highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.

    Source: Vendor (CNA), CVSS v3

    6.1

    CVSS v3

    Severity Medium on the scale from 0 to 10.

    Source: CVE.org, EUVD

    0.2 %

    EPSS score

    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.

    Source: FIRST EPSS, percentile 10.4

    Show all metrics
    Severity
    Medium
    Priority (0–325)

    The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first?

    Read in glossary
    56.73 Methodology
    Exploit maturity

    An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack.

    Read in glossary
    no public PoC known
    XIEM Effective CVSS

    XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command.

    Read in glossary
    6.1 Methodology
    CVSS v3

    CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.

    Read in glossary
    6.1
    EPSS score

    The EPSS score is the absolute model output for an individual vulnerability: the estimated probability of real-world exploitation within the next 30 days, expressed as a value between 0 and 1 (i.e. 0 % to 100 %). A score of 0.42 means „the model estimates a 42 % chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days“.

    Read in glossary
    0.2 %
    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.
    EPSS percentile

    The EPSS percentile is the relative position of a vulnerability within all EPSS-scored CVEs, expressed as a value between 0 and 1. A percentile of 0.90 means „this CVE has a higher EPSS score than 90 % of all other scored CVEs“. Unlike the EPSS score, it is not a probability — but a positioning within a ranking.

    Read in glossary
    10.4
    Elevated — this CVE ranks above at least 10% of all CVEs scored today.
    KEV status

    The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.

    Read in glossary
    —
    Published
    CISA assessment (SSVC)
    Exploitation: proof of concept · not automatable · Technical impact: partial
    Source: CISA Vulnrichment, as of 18 September 2026
    CWE

    CWE is a catalogue of typical weakness types in software and hardware — such as flawed input validation, unsafe memory handling or poor authentication. Where a CVE names a concrete vulnerability in a concrete product, a CWE describes the underlying class of defect.

    Read in glossary
    CWE-121, CWE-787

    Detection rules

    No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.

    Classification under NIS2 and CRA

    Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.

    NIS2

    NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management.

    Read in glossary
    Handle the vulnerability in regular vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2.
    CRA

    The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates.

    Read in glossary
    From 11.12.2027, Annex I Part II CRA requires manufacturers of affected products with digital elements to handle vulnerabilities without delay and provide security updates.
    ISO/IEC 27001

    ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security.

    Read in glossary
    Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.

    Description

    OpenImageIO is a toolset for reading, writing, and manipulating image files of any image file format relevant to VFX / animation. Prior to 3.0.20.0, 3.1.15.0, and 3.2.0.3-beta1, A crafted cineon file can supply a numberofelements value greater than the format maximum of eight. cineoninput::open() uses that unchecked value as the loop bound while filling the fixed strings[8] array, writing pointers beyond the stack buffer and into adjacent state, resulting in memory corruption and denial of service. The affected implementation is identified by src/cineon.imageio/cineoninput.cpp, CineonInput::open(), numberOfElements, and strings[8], which define the relevant source path, functions, state, and trigger. This issue is fixed in versions 3.0.20.0, 3.1.15.0, and 3.2.0.3-beta1.

    Source: NVD (NIST), cvelistv5, ENISA EUVD

    Affected products

    The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.

    Affected products
    Affected versionsFixed in
    AcademySoftwareFoundationOpenImageIO
    • < 3.0.20.0
    • ≥ 3.1.0.0, < 3.1.15.0
    • 3.0.20.0
    • —
    openimageioopenimageio
    • 3.1.0.0 – ≤ 3.1.15.0
    • 3.2.0.2
    • < 3.0.20.0
    • 3.2.0.0
    • —
    • —
    • 3.0.20.0
    • —

    Vendors and products

    Weakness classes (CWE)

    • CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow

      Variant

      A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

      Entry at MITRE CWE-121

    • CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write

      Base

      The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

      Entry at MITRE CWE-787

    References & sources

    • github.comAcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/security/advisories/GHSA-…x_refsource_CONFIRM, euvd
    • github.comAcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/pull/5250x_refsource_MISC, euvd
    • github.comAcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/commit/908f22f5528e88e5e9…x_refsource_MISC, euvd
    • github.comAcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/releases/tag/v3.0.20.0x_refsource_MISC, euvd
    • github.comAcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/releases/tag/v3.1.15.0x_refsource_MISC, euvd

    Changes to this CVE

    Who changed this CVE and when: NVD (analysis, affected products, CVSS), the CVE publisher (CNA) and additional providers such as CISA (ADP).

    1. Initial analysis by NVDNVD

      Newly listed as affected:
      • OpenImageIO (before 3.0.20.0; 3.1.0.0 – through 3.1.15.0; 2 individual versions)
      Show 7 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Product configurationadded
      —
      OR *cpe:2.3:a:openimageio:openimageio:3.2.0.2:dev:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:openimageio:openimageio:3.2.0.0:dev:*:*:*:*:*:* *cpe:2.3:a:openimageio:openimageio:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 3.0.20.0 *cpe:2.3:a:openimageio:openimageio:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 3.1.0.0 up to (including) 3.1.15.0
      Reference typeadded
      —
      GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/commit/908f22f5528e88e5e96184c194caa26b54b2b85f Types: Patch
      Reference typeadded
      —
      GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/pull/5250 Types: Issue Tracking, Patch
      Reference typeadded
      —
      GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/releases/tag/v3.0.20.0 Types: Release Notes
      Reference typeadded
      —
      GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/releases/tag/v3.1.15.0 Types: Release Notes
      Reference typeadded
      —
      CISA-ADP: https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/security/advisories/GHSA-xh8r-vmqq-56pp Types: Exploit, Vendor Advisory
      Reference typeadded
      —
      GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/security/advisories/GHSA-xh8r-vmqq-56pp Types: Exploit, Vendor Advisory

      Source identifier: nvd@nist.gov

    2. Record modifiedCISA ADP

      CISA assessment (SSVC): exploitation: proof of concept, automatable: no

      Show 2 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/security/advisories/GHSA-xh8r-vmqq-56pp
      SSVC assessmentadded
      —
      {"id":"CVE-2026-59181","role":"CISA Coordinator","options":[{"exploitation":"poc"},{"automatable":"no"},{"technicalImpact":"partial"}],"version":"2.0.3","timestamp":"2026-09-18T16:51:48.812161Z"}

      Source identifier: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    3. ReceivedGitHub

      CVSS V3.1: AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

      Weakness type: CWE-787, CWE-121

      Description added or changed

      Show 10 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Descriptionadded
      —
      OpenImageIO is a toolset for reading, writing, and manipulating image files of any image file format relevant to VFX / animation. Prior to 3.0.20.0, 3.1.15.0, and 3.2.0.3-beta1, A crafted cineon file can supply a numberofelements value greater than the format maximum of eight. cineoninput::open() uses that unchecked value as the loop bound while filling the fixed strings[8] array, writing pointers beyond the stack buffer and into adjacent state, resulting in memory corruption and denial of service. The affected implementation is identified by src/cineon.imageio/cineoninput.cpp, CineonInput::open(), numberOfElements, and strings[8], which define the relevant source path, functions, state, and trigger. This issue is fixed in versions 3.0.20.0, 3.1.15.0, and 3.2.0.3-beta1.
      CVSSadded
      —
      AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
      Weakness type (CWE)added
      —
      CWE-787
      Weakness type (CWE)added
      —
      CWE-121
      Affected versions (publisher)added
      —
      New affected value received. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/59xxx/CVE-2026-59181.json">CVE-2026-59181</a>
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/commit/908f22f5528e88e5e96184c194caa26b54b2b85f
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/pull/5250
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/releases/tag/v3.0.20.0
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/releases/tag/v3.1.15.0
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO/security/advisories/GHSA-xh8r-vmqq-56pp

      Source identifier: security-advisories@github.com

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