HighCVE-2026-40034

    gitoxide - Command Injection via Partial .gitmodules Override in gix-submodule (CVE-2026-40034)

    Published Last modified Sources: EUVD, CVE.org, OSV, Msrc Update Guide

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    What is affected, what to do

    gix-submodule before 0.29.0 (gitoxide before 0.5.21, gix before 0.84.0) incorrectly validates the update field in .gitmodules, allowing attackers to bypass the CommandForbiddenInModulesConfiguration guard when a submodule has been initialized with only partial configuration in .git/config. An attacker can inject arbitrary shell commands via the update field in .gitmodules that will be executed when Submodule::update() is called on a previously-initialized submodule, enabling remote code execution.

    Update Gitoxide to version 0.5.21, Gitoxide Gix-submodule to version 0.29.0, Gitoxide Gix to version 0.84.0.

    Affected
    • Gitoxide lt *..0.5.21
    • Gitoxide Gix-submodule lt *..0.29.0
    • Gitoxide Gix lt *..0.84.0
    Fixed in
    • Gitoxide 0.5.21
    • Gitoxide Gix-submodule 0.29.0
    • Gitoxide Gix 0.84.0

    Not sure whether and how you are affected? Ask a question about this vulnerability

    Metrics

    8.5

    Priority

    XIEM Effective CVSS: highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.

    Source: NVD, CVSS v4

    7.8

    CVSS v3

    Severity High on the scale from 0 to 10.

    Source: EUVD, CVE.org, OSV, Msrc Update Guide

    0.7 %

    EPSS score

    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.

    Source: FIRST EPSS, percentile 51.4

    Show all metrics
    Severity
    High
    Priority (0–325)

    The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first?

    Read in glossary
    77.70 Methodology
    Exploit maturity

    An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack.

    Read in glossary
    no public PoC known
    XIEM Effective CVSS

    XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command.

    Read in glossary
    8.5 Methodology
    CVSS v3

    CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.

    Read in glossary
    7.8
    CVSS v4

    CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.

    Read in glossary
    7.3
    EPSS score

    The EPSS score is the absolute model output for an individual vulnerability: the estimated probability of real-world exploitation within the next 30 days, expressed as a value between 0 and 1 (i.e. 0 % to 100 %). A score of 0.42 means „the model estimates a 42 % chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days“.

    Read in glossary
    0.7 %
    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.
    EPSS percentile

    The EPSS percentile is the relative position of a vulnerability within all EPSS-scored CVEs, expressed as a value between 0 and 1. A percentile of 0.90 means „this CVE has a higher EPSS score than 90 % of all other scored CVEs“. Unlike the EPSS score, it is not a probability — but a positioning within a ranking.

    Read in glossary
    51.4
    High — this CVE ranks above the median of all CVEs scored today (rank ≥ 36%).
    KEV status

    The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.

    Read in glossary
    —
    Published
    CISA assessment (SSVC)
    Exploitation: proof of concept · not automatable · Technical impact: total
    Source: CISA Vulnrichment, as of 26 May 2026
    CWE

    CWE is a catalogue of typical weakness types in software and hardware — such as flawed input validation, unsafe memory handling or poor authentication. Where a CVE names a concrete vulnerability in a concrete product, a CWE describes the underlying class of defect.

    Read in glossary
    CWE-77

    Detection rules

    No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.

    Classification under NIS2 and CRA

    Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.

    NIS2

    NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management.

    Read in glossary
    High technical severity: assess and remediate the vulnerability in vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2 and document the decision.
    CRA

    The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates.

    Read in glossary
    From 11.12.2027, Annex I Part II CRA requires manufacturers of affected products with digital elements to handle vulnerabilities without delay and provide security updates.
    ISO/IEC 27001

    ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security.

    Read in glossary
    Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.

    Description

    gix-submodule before 0.29.0 (gitoxide before 0.5.21, gix before 0.84.0) incorrectly validates the update field in .gitmodules, allowing attackers to bypass the CommandForbiddenInModulesConfiguration guard when a submodule has been initialized with only partial configuration in .git/config. An attacker can inject arbitrary shell commands via the update field in .gitmodules that will be executed when Submodule::update() is called on a previously-initialized submodule, enabling remote code execution.

    Source: ENISA EUVD, cvelistv5, NVD (NIST), OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities), CVE.org (MITRE), Microsoft Security Update Guide

    Affected products

    The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.

    Affected products
    Affected versionsFixed in
    gitoxidegitoxide
    • < 0.5.21
    • 0.5.21
    gitoxidegix
    • < 0.84.0
    • 0.84.0
    gitoxidegix-submodule
    • < 0.29.0
    • 0.29.0
    crates.iogix
    • 0.31.0
    • —

    Weakness classes (CWE)

    • CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')

      Class

      The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.

      Entry at MITRE CWE-77

    References & sources

    • github.comGHSA Advisory GHSA-f26g-jm89-4g65web, Vendor advisory
    • NVD (NIST)vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40034advisory
    • github.comGitoxideLabs/gitoxide/commit/6a2e6a436f76c8bbf2487f9967413a5135…web, Patch
    • github.comGitoxideLabs/gitoxide/commit/dd5c18d9e526e8de462fa40aa047acd097…web, Patch
    • github.comGitoxideLabs/gitoxidepackage
    • red.anthropic.comAnthropic CVD Finding ANT-2026-6SNS6KMPweb, Third-party advisory
    • vulncheck.comVulnCheck Advisory: gitoxide - Command Injection via Partial .gitmodules Override in gix-submoduleweb, Third-party advisory

    Changes to this CVE

    Who changed this CVE and when: NVD (analysis, affected products, CVSS), the CVE publisher (CNA) and additional providers such as CISA (ADP).

    1. Record modifiedVulnCheck

      Show 11 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Affected versions (publisher)added
      —
      Affected value modified. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/40xxx/CVE-2026-40034.json">CVE-2026-40034</a>
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://github.com/GitoxideLabs/gitoxide/commit/6a2e6a436f76c8bbf2487f9967413a51356667a0
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://github.com/GitoxideLabs/gitoxide/commit/dd5c18d9e526e8de462fa40aa047acd097cfa7dc
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://github.com/GitoxideLabs/gitoxide/security/advisories/GHSA-f26g-jm89-4g65
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://red.anthropic.com/2026/cvd/findings/ANT-2026-6SNS6KMP
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gitoxide-command-injection-via-partial-gitmodules-override-in-gix-submodule
      Referenceremoved
      https://github.com/GitoxideLabs/gitoxide/commit/6a2e6a436f76c8bbf2487f9967413a51356667a0
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://github.com/GitoxideLabs/gitoxide/commit/dd5c18d9e526e8de462fa40aa047acd097cfa7dc
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://github.com/GitoxideLabs/gitoxide/security/advisories/GHSA-f26g-jm89-4g65
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://red.anthropic.com/2026/cvd/findings/ANT-2026-6SNS6KMP
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gitoxide-command-injection-via-partial-gitmodules-override-in-gix-submodule
      —

      Source identifier: disclosure@vulncheck.com

    2. Record modifiedCISA ADP

      Show 2 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://github.com/GitoxideLabs/gitoxide/security/advisories/GHSA-f26g-jm89-4g65
      Referenceremoved
      https://github.com/GitoxideLabs/gitoxide/security/advisories/GHSA-f26g-jm89-4g65
      —

      Source identifier: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

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