MediumCVE-2026-23291

    Linux Kernel: security vulnerability (CVE-2026-23291)

    Published Last modified Sources: Debian LTS, Debian, Siemens ProductCERT, SUSE, Ubuntu, BSI, Msrc Update Guide, CVE.org, EUVD

    What is affected, what to do

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfc: pn533: properly drop the usb interface reference on disconnect When the device is disconnected from the driver, there is a "dangling" reference count on the usb interface that was grabbed in the probe callback. Fix this up by properly dropping the reference after we are done with it.

    Update Linux Kernel to version 5.10.253, Linux Kernel to version 5.15.203, Linux Kernel to version 6.1.167.

    Affected
    • Linux Kernel lt 3.1..5.10.253
    • Linux Kernel lt 5.11..5.15.203
    • Linux Kernel lt 5.16..6.1.167
    • Linux Kernel lt 6.2..6.6.130
    • Linux Kernel lt 6.7..6.12.77
    • Linux Kernel lt 6.13..6.18.17
    • Linux Kernel lt 6.19..6.19.7
    • Linux Kernel lt 6.20..7.0
    Fixed in
    • Linux Kernel 5.10.253
    • Linux Kernel 5.15.203
    • Linux Kernel 6.1.167
    • Linux Kernel 6.6.130
    • Linux Kernel 6.12.77
    • Linux Kernel 6.18.17
    • Linux Kernel 6.19.7
    • Linux Kernel 7.0

    Not sure whether and how you are affected? Ask a question about this vulnerability

    Metrics

    5.5

    Priority

    XIEM Effective CVSS: highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.

    Source: NVD, CVSS v3

    5.5

    CVSS v3

    Severity Medium on the scale from 0 to 10.

    Source: Debian LTS, Debian, Siemens ProductCERT, SUSE, Ubuntu, BSI, Msrc Update Guide, CVE.org, EUVD

    0.1 %

    EPSS score

    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.

    Source: FIRST EPSS, percentile 2.6

    Show all metrics
    Severity
    Medium
    Priority (0–325)

    The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first?

    Read in glossary
    43.05 Methodology
    Exploit maturity

    An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack.

    Read in glossary
    no public PoC known
    XIEM Effective CVSS

    XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command.

    Read in glossary
    5.5 Methodology
    CVSS v3

    CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.

    Read in glossary
    5.5
    EPSS score

    The EPSS score is the absolute model output for an individual vulnerability: the estimated probability of real-world exploitation within the next 30 days, expressed as a value between 0 and 1 (i.e. 0 % to 100 %). A score of 0.42 means „the model estimates a 42 % chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days“.

    Read in glossary
    0.1 %
    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.
    EPSS percentile

    The EPSS percentile is the relative position of a vulnerability within all EPSS-scored CVEs, expressed as a value between 0 and 1. A percentile of 0.90 means „this CVE has a higher EPSS score than 90 % of all other scored CVEs“. Unlike the EPSS score, it is not a probability — but a positioning within a ranking.

    Read in glossary
    2.6
    Low — this CVE sits in the lower 10% of all CVEs scored today.
    KEV status

    The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.

    Read in glossary
    —
    Published

    Detection rules

    No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.

    Classification under NIS2 and CRA

    Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.

    NIS2

    NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management.

    Read in glossary
    Handle the vulnerability in regular vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2.
    CRA

    The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates.

    Read in glossary
    From 11.12.2027, Annex I Part II CRA requires manufacturers of affected products with digital elements to handle vulnerabilities without delay and provide security updates.
    ISO/IEC 27001

    ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security.

    Read in glossary
    Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.

    Description

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfc: pn533: properly drop the usb interface reference on disconnect When the device is disconnected from the driver, there is a "dangling" reference count on the usb interface that was grabbed in the probe callback. Fix this up by properly dropping the reference after we are done with it.

    Source: Debian LTS Advisories, Debian Security Advisories, siemens_advisory, suse_csaf, Ubuntu Security Notices, BSI WID Portal, BSI CSAF, Microsoft Security Update Guide, cvelistv5, ENISA EUVD, NVD (NIST), CVE.org (MITRE)

    Affected products

    The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.

    Affected products
    Affected versionsFixed in
    LinuxLinux
    • 6.7 – < 6.12.77
    • 6.2 – < 6.6.130
    • 5.11 – < 5.15.203
    • 6.20 – < 7.0
    • 6.19 – < 6.19.7
    • 6.13 – < 6.18.17
    • 5.16 – < 6.1.167
    • 3.1 – < 5.10.253
    • 6.12.77
    • 6.6.130
    • 5.15.203
    • 7.0
    • 6.19.7
    • 6.18.17
    • 6.1.167
    • 5.10.253
    SiemensSIMATIC S7
    • 1500 TM MFP V1.1.1 GNU/Linux subsystem
    • —

    Vendors and products

    Affected operating systems

    Affected operating systems
    Linuxdebianlinuxbookworm
    Linuxdebianlinuxbullseye
    Linuxdebianlinuxtrixie
    Linuxdebianlinux-6.1bullseye
    Linuxlinuxlinux_kernel7.0
    Linuxlinuxlinux_kernel—

    References & sources

    Changes to this CVE

    Who changed this CVE and when: NVD (analysis, affected products, CVSS), the CVE publisher (CNA) and additional providers such as CISA (ADP).

    1. Record modifiedLinux

      Show 24 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/00477cab053dc4816b99141d8fcca7a479cfebeb
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/12133a483dfa832241fbbf09321109a0ea8a520e
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4551d6cea00224ab65a0ef35e4e6da0e9c0a2d74
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5be8aa2bcfb53158436182db8dee9d0b8e5901e6
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6645b030b0c1fc5bf338bffb0044238f24b2f770
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7398d6570501edc55a50ece820f369ab3c1df2e7
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7ff14eb070f0efecb2606f8d7aa01b77d188e886
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d1f6d20b3c2642ec85ce6ea5da7155746c31c6d0
      Referenceremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/00477cab053dc4816b99141d8fcca7a479cfebeb
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/12133a483dfa832241fbbf09321109a0ea8a520e
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4551d6cea00224ab65a0ef35e4e6da0e9c0a2d74
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5be8aa2bcfb53158436182db8dee9d0b8e5901e6
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6645b030b0c1fc5bf338bffb0044238f24b2f770
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7398d6570501edc55a50ece820f369ab3c1df2e7
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7ff14eb070f0efecb2606f8d7aa01b77d188e886
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d1f6d20b3c2642ec85ce6ea5da7155746c31c6d0
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/00477cab053dc4816b99141d8fcca7a479cfebeb Types: Patch
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/12133a483dfa832241fbbf09321109a0ea8a520e Types: Patch
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4551d6cea00224ab65a0ef35e4e6da0e9c0a2d74 Types: Patch
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5be8aa2bcfb53158436182db8dee9d0b8e5901e6 Types: Patch
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6645b030b0c1fc5bf338bffb0044238f24b2f770 Types: Patch
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7398d6570501edc55a50ece820f369ab3c1df2e7 Types: Patch
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7ff14eb070f0efecb2606f8d7aa01b77d188e886 Types: Patch
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d1f6d20b3c2642ec85ce6ea5da7155746c31c6d0 Types: Patch
      —

      Source identifier: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67

    2. Record modifiedSiemens ADP

      Show 2 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Affected versions (publisher)added
      —
      New affected value received. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/23xxx/CVE-2026-23291.json">CVE-2026-23291</a>
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784472.html

      Source identifier: 0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e

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