CriticalCVE-2026-119923

    Heap-based Buffer Overflow in Babelfish for PostgreSQL TDS Prelogin Parser (CVE-2026-119923)

    Published Last modified Sources: CVE.org, pwn.watch

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    What is affected, what to do

    A heap-based buffer overflow in the TDS prelogin parser in the Babelfish for PostgreSQL extension versions 1.0-1.5, 2.1-2.15, 3.1-3.12, 4.0-4.8, 5.1-5.4 and in Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish might allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands as the database process user via a specially crafted malformed TDS prelogin packet to the TDS port. This record consolidates a related NULL-pointer-dereference finding in the same prelogin parser.

    Update Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish to version 1.5.5, Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish to version 1.17.2, Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish to version 2.3.5.

    Affected
    • AWS Babelfish-for-postgresql lte 1.0..1.5
    • AWS Babelfish-for-postgresql lte 2.1..2.15
    • AWS Babelfish-for-postgresql lte 3.1..3.12
    • AWS Babelfish-for-postgresql lte 4.0..4.8
    • AWS Babelfish-for-postgresql lte 5.1..5.4
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 1.0.0..1.5.5
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 1.6.0..1.17.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 2.0.0..2.3.5
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 2.4.0..2.12.4
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 2.13.0..2.13.3
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 2.14.0..2.14.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 2.15.0..2.15.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 2.16.0..2.16.1
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 3.0.0..3.8.4
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 3.9.0..3.9.4
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 3.10.0..3.10.3
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 3.11.0..3.11.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 3.12.0..3.12.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 3.13.0..3.13.1
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 4.0.0..4.5.5
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 4.6.0..4.6.3
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 4.7.0..4.7.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 4.8.0..4.8.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 4.9.0..4.9.1
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 5.0.0..5.1.4
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 5.2.0..5.2.3
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 5.3.0..5.3.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 5.4.0..5.4.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish eq 5.5.0..5.5.0
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish lt 6.0.0..6.0.2
    Fixed in
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 1.5.5
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 1.17.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 2.3.5
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 2.12.4
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 2.13.3
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 2.14.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 2.15.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 2.16.1
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 3.8.4
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 3.9.4
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 3.10.3
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 3.11.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 3.12.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 3.13.1
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 4.5.5
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 4.6.3
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 4.7.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 4.8.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 4.9.1
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 5.1.4
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 5.2.3
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 5.3.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 5.4.2
    • Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish 6.0.2

    Not sure whether and how you are affected? Ask a question about this vulnerability

    Metrics

    9.8

    Priority

    XIEM Effective CVSS: highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.

    Source: Vendor (CNA), CVSS v3

    9.8

    CVSS v3

    Severity Critical on the scale from 0 to 10.

    Source: CVE.org, pwn.watch

    —

    EPSS score

    No value is available for this vulnerability.

    Show all metrics
    Severity
    Critical
    Priority (0–325)

    The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first?

    Read in glossary
    79.00 Methodology
    Exploit maturity

    An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack.

    Read in glossary
    no public PoC known
    XIEM Effective CVSS

    XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command.

    Read in glossary
    9.8 Methodology
    CVSS v3

    CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.

    Read in glossary
    9.8
    CVSS v4

    CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.

    Read in glossary
    9.3
    KEV status

    The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.

    Read in glossary
    —
    Published
    CISA assessment (SSVC)
    Exploitation: none known · automatable · Technical impact: total
    Source: CISA Vulnrichment, as of 6 November 2026
    CWE

    CWE is a catalogue of typical weakness types in software and hardware — such as flawed input validation, unsafe memory handling or poor authentication. Where a CVE names a concrete vulnerability in a concrete product, a CWE describes the underlying class of defect.

    Read in glossary
    CWE-122

    Detection rules

    No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.

    Classification under NIS2 and CRA

    Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.

    NIS2

    NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management.

    Read in glossary
    High technical severity: assess and remediate the vulnerability in vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2 and document the decision.
    CRA

    The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates.

    Read in glossary
    From 11.12.2027, Annex I Part II CRA requires manufacturers of affected products with digital elements to handle vulnerabilities without delay and provide security updates.
    ISO/IEC 27001

    ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security.

    Read in glossary
    Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.

    Description

    A heap-based buffer overflow in the TDS prelogin parser in the Babelfish for PostgreSQL extension versions 1.0-1.5, 2.1-2.15, 3.1-3.12, 4.0-4.8, 5.1-5.4 and in Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish might allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands as the database process user via a specially crafted malformed TDS prelogin packet to the TDS port. This record consolidates a related NULL-pointer-dereference finding in the same prelogin parser. To remediate this issue, we recommend users upgrade to Babelfish for PostgreSQL extension versions 4.10, 5.6, 6.1 or later. As a workaround, restrict network access to the TDS port (default 1433). Customers using Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish should upgrade their cluster to Aurora PostgreSQL 13.9.16 (1.5.5), 13.23.3 (1.17.2), 14.6.16 (2.3.5), 14.17.8 (2.12.4), 14.18.6 (2.13.3), 14.19.5 (2.14.2), 14.20.5 (2.15.2), 14.22.3 (2.16.1), 14.23.1 (2.17.0), 15.10.8 (3.8.4), 15.12.8 (3.9.4), 15.13.6 (3.10.3), 15.14.5 (3.11.2), 15.15.5 (3.12.2), 15.17.3 (3.13.1), 15.18.1 (3.14.0), 16.8.8 (4.5.5), 16.9.6 (4.6.3), 16.10.5 (4.7.2), 16.11.5 (4.8.2), 16.13.3 (4.9.1), 16.14.1 (4.10.0), 17.4.8 (5.1.4), 17.5.6 (5.2.3), 17.6.5 (5.3.2), 17.7.5 (5.4.2), 17.9.3 (5.5.1), 17.10.1 (5.6.0), 18.3.4 (6.0.2), 18.4.1 (6.1.0) or later, and apply any pending maintenance to ensure they are on the latest patch.

    Source: NVD (NIST), cvelistv5, pwn.watch

    Affected products

    The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.

    Affected products
    Affected versionsFixed in
    AmazonAmazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish
    • 5.4.0 – < 5.4.2
    • 3.13.0 – < 3.13.1
    • 2.14.0 – < 2.14.2
    • 2.4.0 – < 2.12.4
    • 2.0.0 – < 2.3.5
    • 5.0.0 – < 5.1.4
    • 4.7.0 – < 4.7.2
    • 4.6.0 – < 4.6.3
    • 2.15.0 – < 2.15.2
    • 4.0.0 – < 4.5.5
    • 3.10.0 – < 3.10.3
    • 2.16.0 – < 2.16.1
    • 6.0.0 – < 6.0.2
    • 3.9.0 – < 3.9.4
    • 5.2.0 – < 5.2.3
    • 2.13.0 – < 2.13.3
    • 1.6.0 – < 1.17.2
    • 5.3.0 – < 5.3.2
    • 1.0.0 – < 1.5.5
    • 4.8.0 – < 4.8.2
    • 5.5.0
    • 3.12.0 – < 3.12.2
    • 3.11.0 – < 3.11.2
    • 3.0.0 – < 3.8.4
    • 4.9.0 – < 4.9.1
    • 5.4.2
    • 3.13.1
    • 2.14.2
    • 2.12.4
    • 2.3.5
    • 5.1.4
    • 4.7.2
    • 4.6.3
    • 2.15.2
    • 4.5.5
    • 3.10.3
    • 2.16.1
    • 6.0.2
    • 3.9.4
    • 5.2.3
    • 2.13.3
    • 1.17.2
    • 5.3.2
    • 1.5.5
    • 4.8.2
    • —
    • 3.12.2
    • 3.11.2
    • 3.8.4
    • 4.9.1
    AWSbabelfish-for-postgresql
    • 3.1 – ≤ 3.12
    • 5.1 – ≤ 5.4
    • 1.0 – ≤ 1.5
    • 2.1 – ≤ 2.15
    • 4.0 – ≤ 4.8
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —

    Vendors and products

    Weakness classes (CWE)

    • CWE-122Heap-based Buffer Overflow

      Variant

      A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().

      Entry at MITRE CWE-122

    References & sources

    • aws.amazon.comCVE-2026-119923 and CVE-2026-119924: Issues with Babelfish for Aurora PostgreSQL (2026-166-AWS)pwn-watch, Vendor advisory
    • github.combabelfish-for-postgresql/babelfish-for-postgresql/releases/tag/…Release notes, Patch
    • github.combabelfish-for-postgresql/babelfish-for-postgresql/releases/tag/…Release notes, Patch
    • github.combabelfish-for-postgresql/babelfish-for-postgresql/releases/tag/…Release notes, Patch
    • pwn.watchpwn.watch: AWS Babelfish for Aurora PostgreSQL TDS parser issues (CVE-2026-119923, CVE-2026-119924)pwn-watch
    • NVD (NIST)NVD CVE-2026-119923pwn-watch
    • NVD (NIST)NVD CVE-2026-119924pwn-watch
    • github.combabelfish-for-postgresql/babelfish_extensions/security/advisori…

    Changes to this CVE

    Who changed this CVE and when: NVD (analysis, affected products, CVSS), the CVE publisher (CNA) and additional providers such as CISA (ADP).

    1. Record modifiedCISA ADP

      CISA assessment (SSVC): exploitation: none known, automatable: yes

      Show the original change
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      SSVC assessmentadded
      —
      {"id":"CVE-2026-119923","role":"CISA Coordinator","options":[{"exploitation":"none"},{"automatable":"yes"},{"technicalImpact":"total"}],"version":"2.0.3","timestamp":"2026-11-06T20:26:32.395882Z"}

      Source identifier: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    2. ReceivedAmazon

      CVSS V4.0: AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

      CVSS V3.1: AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

      Weakness type: CWE-122

      Description added or changed

      Show 9 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Descriptionadded
      —
      A heap-based buffer overflow in the TDS prelogin parser in the Babelfish for PostgreSQL extension versions 1.0-1.5, 2.1-2.15, 3.1-3.12, 4.0-4.8, 5.1-5.4 and in Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish might allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands as the database process user via a specially crafted malformed TDS prelogin packet to the TDS port. This record consolidates a related NULL-pointer-dereference finding in the same prelogin parser. To remediate this issue, we recommend users upgrade to Babelfish for PostgreSQL extension versions 4.10, 5.6, 6.1 or later. As a workaround, restrict network access to the TDS port (default 1433). Customers using Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with Babelfish should upgrade their cluster to Aurora PostgreSQL 13.9.16 (1.5.5), 13.23.3 (1.17.2), 14.6.16 (2.3.5), 14.17.8 (2.12.4), 14.18.6 (2.13.3), 14.19.5 (2.14.2), 14.20.5 (2.15.2), 14.22.3 (2.16.1), 14.23.1 (2.17.0), 15.10.8 (3.8.4), 15.12.8 (3.9.4), 15.13.6 (3.10.3), 15.14.5 (3.11.2), 15.15.5 (3.12.2), 15.17.3 (3.13.1), 15.18.1 (3.14.0), 16.8.8 (4.5.5), 16.9.6 (4.6.3), 16.10.5 (4.7.2), 16.11.5 (4.8.2), 16.13.3 (4.9.1), 16.14.1 (4.10.0), 17.4.8 (5.1.4), 17.5.6 (5.2.3), 17.6.5 (5.3.2), 17.7.5 (5.4.2), 17.9.3 (5.5.1), 17.10.1 (5.6.0), 18.3.4 (6.0.2), 18.4.1 (6.1.0) or later, and apply any pending maintenance to ensure they are on the latest patch.
      CVSSadded
      —
      AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
      CVSSadded
      —
      AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
      Weakness type (CWE)added
      —
      CWE-122
      Affected versions (publisher)added
      —
      New affected value received. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/119xxx/CVE-2026-119923.json">CVE-2026-119923</a>
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://aws.amazon.com/security/security-bulletins/2026-166-aws/
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://github.com/babelfish-for-postgresql/babelfish-for-postgresql/releases/tag/BABEL_4_10_0__PG_16_14
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://github.com/babelfish-for-postgresql/babelfish-for-postgresql/releases/tag/BABEL_5_6_0__PG_17_10
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://github.com/babelfish-for-postgresql/babelfish-for-postgresql/releases/tag/BABEL_6_1_0__PG_18_4

      Source identifier: ff89ba41-3aa1-4d27-914a-91399e9639e5

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