HighCVE-2025-6021

    Libxml2: integer overflow in xmlbuildqname() leads to stack buffer overflow in libxml2 (CVE-2025-6021)

    Published Last modified Sources: Red Hat, Siemens ProductCERT, BSI, Debian LTS, OSV, CVE.org, EUVD, Msrc Update Guide

    What is affected, what to do

    A flaw was found in libxml2's xmlBuildQName function, where integer overflows in buffer size calculations can lead to a stack-based buffer overflow. This issue can result in memory corruption or a denial of service when processing crafted input.

    Update Libxml2 to version 2.14.4, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 to version 0:2.12.5-7.el10_0, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support to version 0:2.9.1-6.el7_9.10.

    Affected
    • Libxml2 lt *..2.14.4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 lt *..0:2.12.5-7.el10_0
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support lt *..0:2.9.1-6.el7_9.10
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 lt *..0:2.9.7-21.el8_10.1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support lt *..0:2.9.7-9.el8_2.3
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support lt *..0:2.9.7-9.el8_4.6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On lt *..0:2.9.7-9.el8_4.6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support lt *..0:2.9.7-13.el8_6.10
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Telecommunications Update Service lt *..0:2.9.7-13.el8_6.10
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP Solutions lt *..0:2.9.7-13.el8_6.10
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Service lt *..0:2.9.7-16.el8_8.9
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions lt *..0:2.9.7-16.el8_8.9
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 lt *..0:2.9.13-10.el9_6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Update Services for SAP Solutions lt *..0:2.9.13-1.el9_0.5
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions lt *..0:2.9.13-3.el9_2.7
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support lt *..0:2.9.13-10.el9_4
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 lt *..412.86.202509030110-0
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 lt *..413.92.202509030117-0
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 lt *..414.92.202508041909-0
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 lt *..415.92.202508192014-0
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 lt *..416.94.202508050040-0
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 lt *..417.94.202508141510-0
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18 lt *..418.94.202508060022-0
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19 lt *..4.19.9.6.202507230107-0
    • Red Hat Discovery 2 lt *..2.0.1-1754478727
    • Red Hat Hardened Images lt *..2.15.2-0.3.hum1
    • Red Hat Insights proxy 1.5 lt *..1.5.5-1754504343
    Fixed in
    • Libxml2 2.14.4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 0:2.12.5-7.el10_0
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support 0:2.9.1-6.el7_9.10
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 0:2.9.7-21.el8_10.1
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support 0:2.9.7-9.el8_2.3
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support 0:2.9.7-9.el8_4.6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On 0:2.9.7-9.el8_4.6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support 0:2.9.7-13.el8_6.10
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Telecommunications Update Service 0:2.9.7-13.el8_6.10
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP Solutions 0:2.9.7-13.el8_6.10
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Service 0:2.9.7-16.el8_8.9
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions 0:2.9.7-16.el8_8.9
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 0:2.9.13-10.el9_6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Update Services for SAP Solutions 0:2.9.13-1.el9_0.5
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions 0:2.9.13-3.el9_2.7
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support 0:2.9.13-10.el9_4
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 412.86.202509030110-0
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 413.92.202509030117-0
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 414.92.202508041909-0
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 415.92.202508192014-0
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 416.94.202508050040-0
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 417.94.202508141510-0
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18 418.94.202508060022-0
    • Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19 4.19.9.6.202507230107-0
    • Red Hat Discovery 2 2.0.1-1754478727
    • Red Hat Hardened Images 2.15.2-0.3.hum1
    • Red Hat Insights proxy 1.5 1.5.5-1754504343

    Not sure whether and how you are affected? Ask a question about this vulnerability

    Metrics

    7.5

    Priority

    XIEM Effective CVSS: highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.

    Source: NVD, CVSS v3

    7.5

    CVSS v3

    Severity High on the scale from 0 to 10.

    Source: Red Hat, Siemens ProductCERT, BSI, Debian LTS, OSV, CVE.org, EUVD, Msrc Update Guide

    1.4 %

    EPSS score

    Moderate — model estimates 1-10% exploitation likelihood.

    Source: FIRST EPSS, percentile 71.9

    Show all metrics
    Severity
    High
    Priority (0–325)

    The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first?

    Read in glossary
    88.17 Methodology
    Exploit maturity

    An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack.

    Read in glossary
    no public PoC known
    XIEM Effective CVSS

    XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command.

    Read in glossary
    7.5 Methodology
    CVSS v3

    CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.

    Read in glossary
    7.5
    EPSS score

    The EPSS score is the absolute model output for an individual vulnerability: the estimated probability of real-world exploitation within the next 30 days, expressed as a value between 0 and 1 (i.e. 0 % to 100 %). A score of 0.42 means „the model estimates a 42 % chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days“.

    Read in glossary
    1.4 %
    Moderate — model estimates 1-10% exploitation likelihood.
    EPSS percentile

    The EPSS percentile is the relative position of a vulnerability within all EPSS-scored CVEs, expressed as a value between 0 and 1. A percentile of 0.90 means „this CVE has a higher EPSS score than 90 % of all other scored CVEs“. Unlike the EPSS score, it is not a probability — but a positioning within a ranking.

    Read in glossary
    71.9
    High — this CVE ranks above the median of all CVEs scored today (rank ≥ 36%).
    KEV status

    The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.

    Read in glossary
    —
    Published
    CISA assessment (SSVC)
    Exploitation: proof of concept · automatable · Technical impact: partial
    Source: CISA Vulnrichment, as of 3 September 2025
    CWE

    CWE is a catalogue of typical weakness types in software and hardware — such as flawed input validation, unsafe memory handling or poor authentication. Where a CVE names a concrete vulnerability in a concrete product, a CWE describes the underlying class of defect.

    Read in glossary
    CWE-787

    Detection rules

    No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.

    Classification under NIS2 and CRA

    Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.

    NIS2

    NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management.

    Read in glossary
    High technical severity: assess and remediate the vulnerability in vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2 and document the decision.
    CRA

    The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates.

    Read in glossary
    From 11.12.2027, Annex I Part II CRA requires manufacturers of affected products with digital elements to handle vulnerabilities without delay and provide security updates.
    ISO/IEC 27001

    ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security.

    Read in glossary
    Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.

    Description

    A flaw was found in libxml2's xmlBuildQName function, where integer overflows in buffer size calculations can lead to a stack-based buffer overflow. This issue can result in memory corruption or a denial of service when processing crafted input.

    Source: redhat_csaf, siemens_advisory, BSI WID Portal, BSI CSAF, Debian LTS Advisories, OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities), cvelistv5, NVD (NIST), CVE.org (MITRE), ENISA EUVD, Microsoft Security Update Guide

    Affected products

    The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.

    Affected products
    Affected versionsFixed in
    —libxml2
    • < 2.14.4
    • 2.14.4
    Red HatRed Hat Discovery 2
    • < 2.0.1-1754478727
    • 2.0.1-1754478727
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 10
    • < 0:2.12.5-7.el10_0
    • 0:2.12.5-7.el10_0
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 6
    • —
    • —
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support
    • < 0:2.9.1-6.el7_9.10
    • 0:2.9.1-6.el7_9.10
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8
    • < 0:2.9.7-21.el8_10.1
    • 0:2.9.7-21.el8_10.1
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support
    • < 0:2.9.7-9.el8_2.3
    • 0:2.9.7-9.el8_2.3
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support
    • < 0:2.9.7-9.el8_4.6
    • 0:2.9.7-9.el8_4.6
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On
    • < 0:2.9.7-9.el8_4.6
    • 0:2.9.7-9.el8_4.6
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support
    • < 0:2.9.7-13.el8_6.10
    • 0:2.9.7-13.el8_6.10
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Telecommunications Update Service
    • < 0:2.9.7-13.el8_6.10
    • 0:2.9.7-13.el8_6.10
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP Solutions
    • < 0:2.9.7-13.el8_6.10
    • 0:2.9.7-13.el8_6.10
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Service
    • < 0:2.9.7-16.el8_8.9
    • 0:2.9.7-16.el8_8.9
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions
    • < 0:2.9.7-16.el8_8.9
    • 0:2.9.7-16.el8_8.9
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9
    • < 0:2.9.13-10.el9_6
    • 0:2.9.13-10.el9_6
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Update Services for SAP Solutions
    • < 0:2.9.13-1.el9_0.5
    • 0:2.9.13-1.el9_0.5
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions
    • < 0:2.9.13-3.el9_2.7
    • 0:2.9.13-3.el9_2.7
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support
    • < 0:2.9.13-10.el9_4
    • 0:2.9.13-10.el9_4
    Red HatRed Hat Hardened Images
    • < 2.15.2-0.3.hum1
    • 2.15.2-0.3.hum1
    Red HatRed Hat Insights proxy 1.5
    • < 1.5.5-1754504343
    • 1.5.5-1754504343
    Red HatRed Hat JBoss Core Services 2.4.62.SP2
    • —
    • —
    Red HatRed Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12
    • < 412.86.202509030110-0
    • 412.86.202509030110-0
    Red HatRed Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13
    • < 413.92.202509030117-0
    • 413.92.202509030117-0
    Red HatRed Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14
    • < 414.92.202508041909-0
    • 414.92.202508041909-0
    Red HatRed Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15
    • < 415.92.202508192014-0
    • 415.92.202508192014-0
    Red HatRed Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16
    • < 416.94.202508050040-0
    • 416.94.202508050040-0
    Red HatRed Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17
    • < 417.94.202508141510-0
    • 417.94.202508141510-0
    Red HatRed Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18
    • < 418.94.202508060022-0
    • 418.94.202508060022-0
    Red HatRed Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19
    • < 4.19.9.6.202507230107-0
    • 4.19.9.6.202507230107-0
    redhatjboss_core_services
    • —
    • —
    redhatopenshift_container_platform
    • 4.13
    • 4.18
    • 4.12
    • 4.16
    • 4.17
    • 4.14
    • 4.15
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    redhatopenshift_container_platform_for_arm64
    • 4.15
    • 4.13
    • 4.18
    • 4.14
    • 4.17
    • 4.16
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    redhatopenshift_container_platform_for_ibm_z
    • 4.18
    • 4.17
    • 4.13
    • 4.14
    • 4.15
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    Distribution and container packages (1)

    Downstream packages (e.g. Bitnami, Debian, Ubuntu, Red Hat). Versions refer to the distribution, not the vendor.

    Distribution and container packages
    Affected versionsFixed in
    bitnamijre
    • 1.9.0
    • —

    Vendors and products

    Affected operating systems

    Affected operating systems
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux10.0
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux8.0
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux9.0
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_eus10.0
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_eus8.4
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_eus8.6
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_eus8.8
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_eus9.4
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_eus9.6
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_arm_6410.0_aarch64
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_arm_648.0_aarch64
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_arm_649.0_aarch64
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_arm_649.4_aarch64
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_arm_64_eus10.0_aarch64
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_arm_64_eus9.4_aarch64
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_arm_64_eus9.6_aarch64
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems10.0_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems8.0_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems9.4_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus10.0_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus9.0_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus9.4_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus9.6_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian10.0_ppc64le

    Weakness classes (CWE)

    • CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write

      Base

      The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

      Entry at MITRE CWE-787

    References & sources

    Changes to this CVE

    Who changed this CVE and when: NVD (analysis, affected products, CVSS), the CVE publisher (CNA) and additional providers such as CISA (ADP).

    1. Record modifiedRed Hat

      1 individual change: Affected versions (publisher)

      Show the original change
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Affected versions (publisher)added
      —
      Affected value modified. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2025/6xxx/CVE-2025-6021.json">CVE-2025-6021</a>

      Source identifier: secalert@redhat.com

    2. Record modifiedRed Hat

      1 individual change: Affected versions (publisher)

      Show the original change
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Affected versions (publisher)added
      —
      Affected value modified. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2025/6xxx/CVE-2025-6021.json">CVE-2025-6021</a>

      Source identifier: secalert@redhat.com

    3. Record modifiedRed Hat

      Show 76 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Affected versions (publisher)added
      —
      Affected value modified. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2025/6xxx/CVE-2025-6021.json">CVE-2025-6021</a>
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      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:12241 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:13267 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:13289 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:13325 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:13335 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:13336 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:14059 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:14396 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:15308 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:15672 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-6021 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2372406 Types: Issue Tracking
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/issues/926 Types: Exploit, Issue Tracking, Vendor Advisory
      —

      Source identifier: secalert@redhat.com

    4. Record modifiedCISA ADP

      Show 3 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/issues/926
      Referenceremoved
      https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/issues/926
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/issues/926 Types: Exploit, Issue Tracking, Vendor Advisory
      —

      Source identifier: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    5. Record modifiedCVE Program

      Show 2 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/07/msg00014.html
      Referenceremoved
      https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/07/msg00014.html
      —

      Source identifier: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108

    Show 2 older changes

    1. Record modifiedSiemens ADP

      Show 2 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-032379.html
      Referenceremoved
      https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-032379.html
      —

      Source identifier: 0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e

    2. Record modifiedRed Hat

      1 individual change: Affected versions (publisher)

      Show the original change
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Affected versions (publisher)changed
      …, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support (+29)
      …, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support (+28)

      Source identifier: secalert@redhat.com

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    <a href="https://intel.neosec.eu/en/cve/CVE-2025-6021"><img src="https://intel.neosec.eu/badge/cve/CVE-2025-6021.svg?lang=en" alt="CVE-2025-6021 – NEOSEC Intel" height="20"></a>