Buffer Over-read in WLAN Host (CVE-2025-21428)
Published Sources: CVE.org
What is affected, what to do
Memory corruption occurs while connecting a STA to an AP and initiating an ADD TS request from the AP to establish a TSpec session.
The available sources name no fixed version. Check the vendor guidance in the references below.
- Affected
- Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq 9206 LTE Modem..9206 LTE Modem - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq APQ8017..APQ8017 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq AR8031..AR8031 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq C-V2X 9150..C-V2X 9150 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq CSRA6620..CSRA6620 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq CSRA6640..CSRA6640 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq FastConnect 6200..FastConnect 6200 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq FastConnect 6900..FastConnect 6900 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq MDM9250..MDM9250 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq MDM9628..MDM9628 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq MDM9640..MDM9640 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq MDM9650..MDM9650 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq MSM8996AU..MSM8996AU - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA6174..QCA6174 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA6174A..QCA6174A - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA6175A..QCA6175A - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA6554A..QCA6554A - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA6564A..QCA6564A - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA6564AU..QCA6564AU - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA6574..QCA6574 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA6574A..QCA6574A - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA6574AU..QCA6574AU - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA6584..QCA6584 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA6584AU..QCA6584AU - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA6595..QCA6595 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA6595AU..QCA6595AU - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA6696..QCA6696 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA9367..QCA9367 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA9377..QCA9377 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCA9379..QCA9379 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QCM2150..QCM2150 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq QEP8111..QEP8111 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Qualcomm 205 Mobile Platform..Qualcomm 205 Mobile Platform - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Qualcomm 215 Mobile Platform..Qualcomm 215 Mobile Platform - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq SA2150P..SA2150P - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq SD626..SD626 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq SDM429W..SDM429W - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Smart Audio 200 Platform..Smart Audio 200 Platform - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Smart Audio 400 Platform..Smart Audio 400 Platform - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Smart Display 200 Platform (APQ5053-AA)..Smart Display 200 Platform (APQ5053-AA) - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Snapdragon 1200 Wearable Platform..Snapdragon 1200 Wearable Platform - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Snapdragon 210 Processor..Snapdragon 210 Processor - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Snapdragon 212 Mobile Platform..Snapdragon 212 Mobile Platform - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Snapdragon 425 Mobile Platform..Snapdragon 425 Mobile Platform - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Snapdragon 429 Mobile Platform..Snapdragon 429 Mobile Platform - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Snapdragon 439 Mobile Platform..Snapdragon 439 Mobile Platform - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Snapdragon 625 Mobile Platform..Snapdragon 625 Mobile Platform - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Snapdragon 626 Mobile Platform..Snapdragon 626 Mobile Platform - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Snapdragon 632 Mobile Platform..Snapdragon 632 Mobile Platform - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Snapdragon 820 Automotive Platform..Snapdragon 820 Automotive Platform - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Snapdragon Auto 5G Modem-RF..Snapdragon Auto 5G Modem-RF - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Snapdragon X12 LTE Modem..Snapdragon X12 LTE Modem - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Snapdragon X35 5G Modem-RF System..Snapdragon X35 5G Modem-RF System - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Snapdragon X5 LTE Modem..Snapdragon X5 LTE Modem - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Vision Intelligence 100 Platform (APQ8053-AA)..Vision Intelligence 100 Platform (APQ8053-AA) - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq Vision Intelligence 200 Platform (APQ8053-AC)..Vision Intelligence 200 Platform (APQ8053-AC) - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq WCD9326..WCD9326 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq WCD9330..WCD9330 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq WCD9335..WCD9335 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq WCD9340..WCD9340 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq WCN3610..WCN3610 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq WCN3615..WCN3615 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq WCN3620..WCN3620 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq WCN3660B..WCN3660B - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq WCN3680..WCN3680 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq WCN3680B..WCN3680B - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq WCN3980..WCN3980 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq WSA8810..WSA8810 - Qualcomm Snapdragon
eq WSA8815..WSA8815
- Qualcomm Snapdragon
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Metrics
7.5
Priority
XIEM Effective CVSS: highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.
Source: NVD, CVSS v3
7.5
CVSS v3
Severity High on the scale from 0 to 10.
Source: CVE.org
0.3 %
EPSS score
Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.
Source: FIRST EPSS, percentile 18.1
Show all metrics
- Severity
- High
Priority (0–325)
The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first?
Read in glossary- 48.58 Methodology
Exploit maturity
An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack.
Read in glossary- no public PoC known
XIEM Effective CVSS
XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command.
Read in glossary- 7.5 Methodology
CVSS v3
CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.
Read in glossary- 7.5
EPSS score
The EPSS score is the absolute model output for an individual vulnerability: the estimated probability of real-world exploitation within the next 30 days, expressed as a value between 0 and 1 (i.e. 0 % to 100 %). A score of 0.42 means „the model estimates a 42 % chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days“.
Read in glossary- 0.3 %
- Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.
EPSS percentile
The EPSS percentile is the relative position of a vulnerability within all EPSS-scored CVEs, expressed as a value between 0 and 1. A percentile of 0.90 means „this CVE has a higher EPSS score than 90 % of all other scored CVEs“. Unlike the EPSS score, it is not a probability — but a positioning within a ranking.
Read in glossary- 18.1
- Elevated — this CVE ranks above at least 10% of all CVEs scored today.
KEV status
The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.
Read in glossary- —
- Published
- CISA assessment (SSVC)
- Exploitation: none known · automatable · Technical impact: total
- Source: CISA Vulnrichment, as of 8 April 2025
CWE
CWE is a catalogue of typical weakness types in software and hardware — such as flawed input validation, unsafe memory handling or poor authentication. Where a CVE names a concrete vulnerability in a concrete product, a CWE describes the underlying class of defect.
Read in glossary- CWE-126
Detection rules
No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.
Classification under NIS2 and CRA
Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.
NIS2
NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management.
Read in glossary- High technical severity: assess and remediate the vulnerability in vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2 and document the decision.
CRA
The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates.
Read in glossary- From 11.12.2027, Annex I Part II CRA requires manufacturers of affected products with digital elements to handle vulnerabilities without delay and provide security updates.
ISO/IEC 27001
ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security.
Read in glossary- Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.
Description
Memory corruption occurs while connecting a STA to an AP and initiating an ADD TS request from the AP to establish a TSpec session.
Source: cvelistv5, NVD (NIST), CVE.org (MITRE)
Affected products
The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.
| Affected versions | Fixed in | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Qualcomm, Inc. | Snapdragon |
|
|
Vendors and products
- Qualcomm 9206 Lte Modem Firmware
- Qualcomm Qualcomm APQ8017 Firmware
- Qualcomm Ar8031 Firmware
- Qualcomm Csra6620 Firmware
- Qualcomm Csra6640 Firmware
- Qualcomm C-v2x 9150 Firmware
- Qualcomm Fastconnect 6200 Firmware
- Qualcomm Fastconnect 6900 Firmware
- Qualcomm Mdm9250 Firmware
- Qualcomm Mdm9628 Firmware
- Qualcomm Qualcomm MDM9640 Firmware
- Qualcomm Qualcomm Mdm9650 Firmware
Affected operating systems
| Other | qualcomm | 9206_lte_modem_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | apq8017_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | ar8031_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | c-v2x_9150_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | csra6620_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | csra6640_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | fastconnect_6200_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | fastconnect_6900_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | mdm9250_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | mdm9628_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | mdm9640_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | mdm9650_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | msm8996au_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | qca6174_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | qca6174a_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | qca6175a_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | qca6554a_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | qca6564a_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | qca6564au_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | qca6574_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | qca6574a_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | qca6574au_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | qca6584_firmware | — |
| Other | qualcomm | qca6584au_firmware | — |
Weakness classes (CWE)
CWE-126Buffer Over-read
Variant
The product reads from a buffer using buffer access mechanisms such as indexes or pointers that reference memory locations after the targeted buffer.
Entry at MITRE CWE-126
References & sources
- docs.qualcomm.comproduct/publicresources/securitybulletin/april-2025-bulletin.ht…Vendor advisory
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<a href="https://intel.neosec.eu/en/cve/CVE-2025-21428"><img src="https://intel.neosec.eu/badge/cve/CVE-2025-21428.svg?lang=en" alt="CVE-2025-21428 – NEOSEC Intel" height="20"></a>