CriticalCVE-2024-2374

    WSO2 API Manager: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference (CVE-2024-2374)

    Published Sources: CVE.org

    What is affected, what to do

    The XML parsers within multiple WSO2 products accept user-supplied XML data without properly configuring to prevent the resolution of external entities. This omission allows malicious actors to craft XML payloads that exploit the parser's behavior, leading to the inclusion of external resources.

    Update WSO2 API Manager to version 3.1.0.278, WSO2 API Manager to version 3.2.0.368, WSO2 API Manager to version 4.0.0.280.

    Affected
    • WSO2 API Manager lt 3.1.0..3.1.0.278
    • WSO2 API Manager lt 3.2.0..3.2.0.368
    • WSO2 API Manager lt 4.0.0..4.0.0.280
    • WSO2 API Manager lt 4.1.0..4.1.0.206
    • WSO2 API Manager lt 4.2.0..4.2.0.144
    • WSO2 API Manager lt 4.3.0..4.3.0.57
    • WSO2 Identity Server lt 5.10.0..5.10.0.300
    • WSO2 Identity Server lt 5.11.0..5.11.0.329
    • WSO2 Identity Server lt 6.0.0..6.0.0.179
    • WSO2 Identity Server lt 6.1.0..6.1.0.136
    • WSO2 Open Banking AM lt 2.0.0..2.0.0.328
    • WSO2 Open Banking IAM lt 2.0.0..2.0.0.348
    • WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager lt 5.10.0..5.10.0.296
    Fixed in
    • WSO2 API Manager 3.1.0.278
    • WSO2 API Manager 3.2.0.368
    • WSO2 API Manager 4.0.0.280
    • WSO2 API Manager 4.1.0.206
    • WSO2 API Manager 4.2.0.144
    • WSO2 API Manager 4.3.0.57
    • WSO2 Identity Server 5.10.0.300
    • WSO2 Identity Server 5.11.0.329
    • WSO2 Identity Server 6.0.0.179
    • WSO2 Identity Server 6.1.0.136
    • WSO2 Open Banking AM 2.0.0.328
    • WSO2 Open Banking IAM 2.0.0.348
    • WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager 5.10.0.296

    Not sure whether and how you are affected? Ask a question about this vulnerability

    Metrics

    9.1

    Priority

    XIEM Effective CVSS: highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.

    Source: NVD, CVSS v3

    7.5

    CVSS v3

    Severity High on the scale from 0 to 10.

    Source: CVE.org

    0.4 %

    EPSS score

    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.

    Source: FIRST EPSS, percentile 31.6

    Show all metrics
    Severity
    Critical
    Priority (0–325)

    The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first?

    Read in glossary
    61.78 Methodology
    Exploit maturity

    An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack.

    Read in glossary
    no public PoC known
    XIEM Effective CVSS

    XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command.

    Read in glossary
    9.1 Methodology
    CVSS v3

    CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.

    Read in glossary
    7.5
    EPSS score

    The EPSS score is the absolute model output for an individual vulnerability: the estimated probability of real-world exploitation within the next 30 days, expressed as a value between 0 and 1 (i.e. 0 % to 100 %). A score of 0.42 means „the model estimates a 42 % chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days“.

    Read in glossary
    0.4 %
    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.
    EPSS percentile

    The EPSS percentile is the relative position of a vulnerability within all EPSS-scored CVEs, expressed as a value between 0 and 1. A percentile of 0.90 means „this CVE has a higher EPSS score than 90 % of all other scored CVEs“. Unlike the EPSS score, it is not a probability — but a positioning within a ranking.

    Read in glossary
    31.6
    Elevated — this CVE ranks above at least 10% of all CVEs scored today.
    KEV status

    The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.

    Read in glossary
    —
    Published
    CISA assessment (SSVC)
    Exploitation: none known · automatable · Technical impact: partial
    Source: CISA Vulnrichment, as of 16 April 2026
    CWE

    CWE is a catalogue of typical weakness types in software and hardware — such as flawed input validation, unsafe memory handling or poor authentication. Where a CVE names a concrete vulnerability in a concrete product, a CWE describes the underlying class of defect.

    Read in glossary
    CWE-611

    Detection rules

    No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.

    Classification under NIS2 and CRA

    Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.

    NIS2

    NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management.

    Read in glossary
    High technical severity: assess and remediate the vulnerability in vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2 and document the decision.
    CRA

    The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates.

    Read in glossary
    From 11.12.2027, Annex I Part II CRA requires manufacturers of affected products with digital elements to handle vulnerabilities without delay and provide security updates.
    ISO/IEC 27001

    ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security.

    Read in glossary
    Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.

    Description

    The XML parsers within multiple WSO2 products accept user-supplied XML data without properly configuring to prevent the resolution of external entities. This omission allows malicious actors to craft XML payloads that exploit the parser's behavior, leading to the inclusion of external resources. By leveraging this vulnerability, an attacker can read confidential files from the file system and access limited HTTP resources reachable by the product. Additionally, the vulnerability can be exploited to perform denial of service attacks by exhausting server resources through recursive entity expansion or fetching large external resources.

    Source: NVD (NIST), cvelistv5

    Affected products

    The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.

    Affected products
    Affected versionsFixed in
    WSO2WSO2 API Manager
    • 4.1.0 – < 4.1.0.206
    • 4.0.0 – < 4.0.0.280
    • 3.1.0 – < 3.1.0.278
    • 4.2.0 – < 4.2.0.144
    • 3.2.0 – < 3.2.0.368
    • 4.3.0 – < 4.3.0.57
    • 4.1.0.206
    • 4.0.0.280
    • 3.1.0.278
    • 4.2.0.144
    • 3.2.0.368
    • 4.3.0.57
    WSO2WSO2 Identity Server
    • 5.10.0 – < 5.10.0.300
    • 5.11.0 – < 5.11.0.329
    • 6.0.0 – < 6.0.0.179
    • 6.1.0 – < 6.1.0.136
    • 5.10.0.300
    • 5.11.0.329
    • 6.0.0.179
    • 6.1.0.136
    WSO2WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager
    • 5.10.0 – < 5.10.0.296
    • 5.10.0.296
    WSO2WSO2 Open Banking AM
    • 2.0.0 – < 2.0.0.328
    • 2.0.0.328
    WSO2WSO2 Open Banking IAM
    • 2.0.0 – < 2.0.0.348
    • 2.0.0.348
    wso2api_manager
    • 3.2.0 – < 3.2.0.368
    • 4.1.0 – < 4.1.0.206
    • 4.2.0 – < 4.2.0.144
    • 4.0.0 – < 4.0.0.280
    • 4.3.0 – < 4.3.0.57
    • 3.1.0 – < 3.1.0.278
    • 3.2.0.368
    • 4.1.0.206
    • 4.2.0.144
    • 4.0.0.280
    • 4.3.0.57
    • 3.1.0.278
    wso2identity_server
    • 6.1.0 – < 6.1.0.136
    • 5.10.0 – < 5.10.0.300
    • 6.0.0 – < 6.0.0.179
    • 5.11.0 – < 5.11.0.329
    • 6.1.0.136
    • 5.10.0.300
    • 6.0.0.179
    • 5.11.0.329
    wso2identity_server_as_key_manager
    • 5.10.0 – < 5.10.0.296
    • 5.10.0.296
    wso2open_banking_am
    • 2.0.0 – < 2.0.0.328
    • 2.0.0.328
    wso2open_banking_iam
    • 2.0.0 – < 2.0.0.348
    • 2.0.0.348

    Vendors and products

    Weakness classes (CWE)

    • CWE-611Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference

      Base

      The product processes an XML document that can contain XML entities with URIs that resolve to documents outside of the intended sphere of control, causing the product to embed incorrect documents into its output.

      Entry at MITRE CWE-611

    References & sources

    • security.docs.wso2.comen/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-…Vendor advisory, Vendor advisory
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