HighCVE-2023-4004

    Kernel: netfilter: use-after-free due to improper element removal in nft_pipapo_remove() (CVE-2023-4004)

    Published Last modified Sources: Siemens ProductCERT, Red Hat, Debian, SUSE, CVE.org

    What is affected, what to do

    A use-after-free flaw was found in the Linux kernel's netfilter in the way a user triggers the nft_pipapo_remove function with the element, without a NFT_SET_EXT_KEY_END. This issue could allow a local user to crash the system or potentially escalate their privileges on the system.

    An exploit is publicly available. Update Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 to version 0:4.18.0-477.27.1.rt7.290.el8_8, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 to version 0:4.18.0-477.27.1.el8_8, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support to version 0:4.18.0-193.119.1.el8_2.

    Affected
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 lt *..0:4.18.0-477.27.1.rt7.290.el8_8
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 lt *..0:4.18.0-477.27.1.el8_8
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support lt *..0:4.18.0-193.119.1.el8_2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Telecommunications Update Service lt *..0:4.18.0-193.119.1.rt13.170.el8_2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Telecommunications Update Service lt *..0:4.18.0-193.119.1.el8_2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions lt *..0:4.18.0-193.119.1.el8_2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support lt *..0:4.18.0-305.103.1.el8_4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Telecommunications Update Service lt *..0:4.18.0-305.103.1.rt7.178.el8_4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Telecommunications Update Service lt *..0:4.18.0-305.103.1.el8_4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions lt *..0:4.18.0-305.103.1.el8_4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support lt *..0:4.18.0-372.75.1.el8_6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 lt *..0:5.14.0-284.30.1.el9_2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 lt *..0:5.14.0-284.30.1.rt14.315.el9_2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Extended Update Support lt *..0:5.14.0-70.80.1.el9_0
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Extended Update Support lt *..0:5.14.0-70.80.1.rt21.151.el9_0
    • Red Hat Virtualization 4 for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 lt *..0:4.18.0-372.75.1.el8_6
    Fixed in
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 0:4.18.0-477.27.1.rt7.290.el8_8
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 0:4.18.0-477.27.1.el8_8
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support 0:4.18.0-193.119.1.el8_2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Telecommunications Update Service 0:4.18.0-193.119.1.rt13.170.el8_2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Telecommunications Update Service 0:4.18.0-193.119.1.el8_2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions 0:4.18.0-193.119.1.el8_2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support 0:4.18.0-305.103.1.el8_4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Telecommunications Update Service 0:4.18.0-305.103.1.rt7.178.el8_4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Telecommunications Update Service 0:4.18.0-305.103.1.el8_4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions 0:4.18.0-305.103.1.el8_4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support 0:4.18.0-372.75.1.el8_6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 0:5.14.0-284.30.1.el9_2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 0:5.14.0-284.30.1.rt14.315.el9_2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Extended Update Support 0:5.14.0-70.80.1.el9_0
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Extended Update Support 0:5.14.0-70.80.1.rt21.151.el9_0
    • Red Hat Virtualization 4 for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 0:4.18.0-372.75.1.el8_6

    Not sure whether and how you are affected? Ask a question about this vulnerability

    Metrics

    7.8

    Priority

    XIEM Effective CVSS: highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.

    Source: NVD, CVSS v3

    7.8

    CVSS v3

    Severity High on the scale from 0 to 10.

    Source: Siemens ProductCERT, Red Hat, Debian, SUSE, CVE.org

    0.9 %

    EPSS score

    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.

    Source: FIRST EPSS, percentile 60.1

    Show all metrics
    Severity
    High
    Priority (0–325)

    The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first?

    Read in glossary
    71.03 Methodology
    Exploit maturity

    An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack.

    Read in glossary
    PoC (publicly reported)
    XIEM Effective CVSS

    XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command.

    Read in glossary
    7.8 Methodology
    CVSS v3

    CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.

    Read in glossary
    7.8
    EPSS score

    The EPSS score is the absolute model output for an individual vulnerability: the estimated probability of real-world exploitation within the next 30 days, expressed as a value between 0 and 1 (i.e. 0 % to 100 %). A score of 0.42 means „the model estimates a 42 % chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days“.

    Read in glossary
    0.9 %
    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.
    EPSS percentile

    The EPSS percentile is the relative position of a vulnerability within all EPSS-scored CVEs, expressed as a value between 0 and 1. A percentile of 0.90 means „this CVE has a higher EPSS score than 90 % of all other scored CVEs“. Unlike the EPSS score, it is not a probability — but a positioning within a ranking.

    Read in glossary
    60.1
    High — this CVE ranks above the median of all CVEs scored today (rank ≥ 36%).
    KEV status

    The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.

    Read in glossary
    —
    Published
    CWE

    CWE is a catalogue of typical weakness types in software and hardware — such as flawed input validation, unsafe memory handling or poor authentication. Where a CVE names a concrete vulnerability in a concrete product, a CWE describes the underlying class of defect.

    Read in glossary
    CWE-416

    Detection rules

    No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.

    Classification under NIS2 and CRA

    Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.

    NIS2

    NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management.

    Read in glossary
    High technical severity: assess and remediate the vulnerability in vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2 and document the decision.
    CRA

    The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates.

    Read in glossary
    From 11.12.2027, Annex I Part II CRA requires manufacturers of affected products with digital elements to handle vulnerabilities without delay and provide security updates.
    ISO/IEC 27001

    ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security.

    Read in glossary
    Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.

    Description

    A use-after-free flaw was found in the Linux kernel's netfilter in the way a user triggers the nft_pipapo_remove function with the element, without a NFT_SET_EXT_KEY_END. This issue could allow a local user to crash the system or potentially escalate their privileges on the system.

    Source: siemens_advisory, redhat_csaf, Debian Security Advisories, suse_csaf, cvelistv5, NVD (NIST)

    Affected products

    The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.

    Affected products
    Affected versionsFixed in
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 6
    • —
    • —
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 7
    • —
    • —
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8
    • < 0:4.18.0-477.27.1.el8_8
    • < 0:4.18.0-477.27.1.rt7.290.el8_8
    • 0:4.18.0-477.27.1.el8_8
    • 0:4.18.0-477.27.1.rt7.290.el8_8
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support
    • < 0:4.18.0-193.119.1.el8_2
    • 0:4.18.0-193.119.1.el8_2
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Telecommunications Update Service
    • < 0:4.18.0-193.119.1.el8_2
    • < 0:4.18.0-193.119.1.rt13.170.el8_2
    • 0:4.18.0-193.119.1.el8_2
    • 0:4.18.0-193.119.1.rt13.170.el8_2
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions
    • < 0:4.18.0-193.119.1.el8_2
    • 0:4.18.0-193.119.1.el8_2
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support
    • < 0:4.18.0-305.103.1.el8_4
    • 0:4.18.0-305.103.1.el8_4
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Telecommunications Update Service
    • < 0:4.18.0-305.103.1.rt7.178.el8_4
    • < 0:4.18.0-305.103.1.el8_4
    • 0:4.18.0-305.103.1.rt7.178.el8_4
    • 0:4.18.0-305.103.1.el8_4
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions
    • < 0:4.18.0-305.103.1.el8_4
    • 0:4.18.0-305.103.1.el8_4
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support
    • < 0:4.18.0-372.75.1.el8_6
    • 0:4.18.0-372.75.1.el8_6
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9
    • < 0:5.14.0-284.30.1.el9_2
    • < 0:5.14.0-284.30.1.rt14.315.el9_2
    • 0:5.14.0-284.30.1.el9_2
    • 0:5.14.0-284.30.1.rt14.315.el9_2
    Red HatRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Extended Update Support
    • < 0:5.14.0-70.80.1.el9_0
    • < 0:5.14.0-70.80.1.rt21.151.el9_0
    • 0:5.14.0-70.80.1.el9_0
    • 0:5.14.0-70.80.1.rt21.151.el9_0
    Red HatRed Hat Virtualization 4 for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
    • < 0:4.18.0-372.75.1.el8_6
    • 0:4.18.0-372.75.1.el8_6
    netapph300s
    • —
    • —
    netapph410s
    • —
    • —
    netapph500s
    • —
    • —
    netapph700s
    • —
    • —

    Vendors and products

    Affected operating systems

    Affected operating systems
    Linuxdebiandebian_linux10.0
    Linuxdebiandebian_linux11.0
    Linuxdebiandebian_linux12.0
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux8.0
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux9.0
    Linuxdebianlinuxbookworm
    Linuxdebianlinuxbullseye
    Linuxlinuxlinux_kernel—
    Otherfedoraprojectfedora38

    Weakness classes (CWE)

    • CWE-416Use After Free

      Variant

      The product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory "belongs" to the code that operates on the new pointer.

      Entry at MITRE CWE-416

    Public exploit references

    Publicly reported proof-of-concepts, exploit modules and detection templates for this vulnerability. NEOSEC links to the original sources only and does not provide any exploit code.

    Public exploit references
    Packet StormKernel Live Patch Security Notice LSN 0098 1 (opens in a new tab)packetstormsecurity.comPoC (publicly reported)reported, not verified—
    Packet StormKernel Live Patch Security Notice LSN 0099 1 (opens in a new tab)packetstormsecurity.comPoC (publicly reported)reported, not verified—

    References & sources

    Changes to this CVE

    Who changed this CVE and when: NVD (analysis, affected products, CVSS), the CVE publisher (CNA) and additional providers such as CISA (ADP).

    1. Record modifiedRed Hat

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      Source identifier: secalert@redhat.com

    2. Record modifiedCVE Program

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      Referenceremoved
      https://patchwork.ozlabs.org/project/netfilter-devel/patch/20230719190824.21196-1-fw@strlen.de/
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20231027-0001/
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5480
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5492
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:4961 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:4962 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:4967 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:5069 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:5091 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:5093 Types: Broken Link, Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:5221 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:5244 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:5255 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:5548 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:5627 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7382 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7389 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7411 Types: Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7417 Types: Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7431 Types: Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7434 Types: Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-4004 Types: Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2225275 Types: Issue Tracking, Third Party Advisory
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://patchwork.ozlabs.org/project/netfilter-devel/patch/20230719190824.21196-1-fw@strlen.de/ Types: Mailing List, Patch, Third Party Advisory
      —

      Source identifier: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108

    3. Record modifiedSiemens ADP

      Show 3 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Affected versions (publisher)added
      —
      New affected value received. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2023/4xxx/CVE-2023-4004.json">CVE-2023-4004</a>
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-794697.html
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-831302.html

      Source identifier: 0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e

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    <a href="https://intel.neosec.eu/en/cve/CVE-2023-4004"><img src="https://intel.neosec.eu/badge/cve/CVE-2023-4004.svg?lang=en" alt="CVE-2023-4004 – NEOSEC Intel" height="20"></a>