CriticalCVE-2023-20591

    AMD EPYC™: security vulnerability (CVE-2023-20591)

    Published Sources: CVE.org

    What is affected, what to do

    Improper re-initialization of IOMMU during the DRTM event may permit an untrusted platform configuration to persist, allowing an attacker to read or modify hypervisor memory, potentially resulting in loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

    Update AMD Epyc 8024pn Firmware to version genoapi_1.0.0.8, AMD Epyc 8024p Firmware to version genoapi_1.0.0.8, AMD Epyc 8124pn Firmware to version genoapi_1.0.0.8.

    Affected
    • AMD Epyc 8024pn Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8024p Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8124pn Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8124p Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8224pn Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8224p Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8324pn Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8324p Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8434pn Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8434p Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8534pn Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8534p Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9734 Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9754s Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9754 Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9184x Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9384x Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9684x Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9124 Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9174f Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9224 Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9254 Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9274f Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9334 Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9354 Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9354p Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9374f Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9454 Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9454p Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9474f Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9534 Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9554 Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9554p Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9634 Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9654 Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9654p Firmware lt *..genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 7203 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7203p Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 72f3 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7303 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7303p Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7313 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7313p Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7343 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 73f3 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7373x Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7413 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7443 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7443p Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 74f3 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7453 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7473x Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7513 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7543 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7543p Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 75f3 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7573x Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7643 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7773x Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7643p Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7663 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7663p Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7713 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7713p Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7763 Firmware lt *..milanpi_1.0.0.b
    Fixed in
    • AMD Epyc 8024pn Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8024p Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8124pn Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8124p Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8224pn Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8224p Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8324pn Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8324p Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8434pn Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8434p Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8534pn Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 8534p Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9734 Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9754s Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9754 Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9184x Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9384x Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9684x Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9124 Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9174f Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9224 Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9254 Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9274f Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9334 Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9354 Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9354p Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9374f Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9454 Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9454p Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9474f Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9534 Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9554 Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9554p Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9634 Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9654 Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 9654p Firmware genoapi_1.0.0.8
    • AMD Epyc 7203 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7203p Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 72f3 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7303 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7303p Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7313 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7313p Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7343 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 73f3 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7373x Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7413 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7443 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7443p Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 74f3 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7453 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7473x Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7513 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7543 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7543p Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 75f3 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7573x Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7643 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7773x Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7643p Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7663 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7663p Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7713 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7713p Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b
    • AMD Epyc 7763 Firmware milanpi_1.0.0.b

    Not sure whether and how you are affected? Ask a question about this vulnerability

    Metrics

    10.0

    Priority

    XIEM Effective CVSS: highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.

    Source: NVD, CVSS v3

    6.5

    CVSS v3

    Severity Medium on the scale from 0 to 10.

    Source: CVE.org

    0.3 %

    EPSS score

    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.

    Source: FIRST EPSS, percentile 22.5

    Show all metrics
    Severity
    Critical
    Priority (0–325)

    The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first?

    Read in glossary
    42.50 Methodology
    Exploit maturity

    An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack.

    Read in glossary
    no public PoC known
    XIEM Effective CVSS

    XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command.

    Read in glossary
    10.0 Methodology
    CVSS v3

    CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.

    Read in glossary
    6.5
    EPSS score

    The EPSS score is the absolute model output for an individual vulnerability: the estimated probability of real-world exploitation within the next 30 days, expressed as a value between 0 and 1 (i.e. 0 % to 100 %). A score of 0.42 means „the model estimates a 42 % chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days“.

    Read in glossary
    0.3 %
    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.
    EPSS percentile

    The EPSS percentile is the relative position of a vulnerability within all EPSS-scored CVEs, expressed as a value between 0 and 1. A percentile of 0.90 means „this CVE has a higher EPSS score than 90 % of all other scored CVEs“. Unlike the EPSS score, it is not a probability — but a positioning within a ranking.

    Read in glossary
    22.5
    Elevated — this CVE ranks above at least 10% of all CVEs scored today.
    KEV status

    The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.

    Read in glossary
    —
    Published

    Detection rules

    No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.

    Classification under NIS2 and CRA

    Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.

    NIS2

    NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management.

    Read in glossary
    High technical severity: assess and remediate the vulnerability in vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2 and document the decision.
    CRA

    The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates.

    Read in glossary
    From 11.12.2027, Annex I Part II CRA requires manufacturers of affected products with digital elements to handle vulnerabilities without delay and provide security updates.
    ISO/IEC 27001

    ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security.

    Read in glossary
    Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.

    Description

    Improper re-initialization of IOMMU during the DRTM event may permit an untrusted platform configuration to persist, allowing an attacker to read or modify hypervisor memory, potentially resulting in loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

    Source: NVD (NIST), cvelistv5

    Affected products

    The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.

    Affected products
    Affected versionsFixed in
    AMDAMD EPYC™ 7003 Series Processors
    • —
    • —
    AMDAMD EPYC™ 9004 Series Processors
    • —
    • —
    AMDAMD EPYC™ Embedded 7003 Series Processors
    • —
    • —
    AMDAMD EPYC™ Embedded 9003 Series Processors
    • —
    • —

    Vendors and products

    Affected operating systems

    Affected operating systems
    Otheramdepyc_7203_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7203p_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_72f3_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7303_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7303p_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7313_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7313p_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7343_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7373x_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_73f3_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7413_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7443_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7443p_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7453_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7473x_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_74f3_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7513_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7543_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7543p_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7573x_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_75f3_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7643_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7643p_firmware—
    Otheramdepyc_7663_firmware—

    References & sources

    • amd.comen/resources/product-security/bulletin/amd-sb-3003.htmlVendor advisory, Vendor advisory
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    Badge preview for CVE-2023-20591
    <a href="https://intel.neosec.eu/en/cve/CVE-2023-20591"><img src="https://intel.neosec.eu/badge/cve/CVE-2023-20591.svg?lang=en" alt="CVE-2023-20591 – NEOSEC Intel" height="20"></a>