CriticalCVE-2022-37454

Python Software Foundation CPython: Buffer Overflow (CVE-2022-37454)

Published 21.10.2022Last modified 14.10.2026Sources: Debian LTS, CVE.org, OSV, Debian, Siemens ProductCERT

What is affected, what to do

The Keccak XKCP SHA-3 reference implementation before fdc6fef has an integer overflow and resultant buffer overflow that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or eliminate expected cryptographic properties. This occurs in the sponge function interface.

Update PHP to version 7.4.33, PHP to version 8.0.25, PHP to version 8.1.12.

Affected: Debian Linux eq 10.0..10.0
Debian Linux eq 11.0..11.0
Fedora eq 35..35
Fedora eq 36..36
PHP lt 7.2.0..7.4.33
PHP lt 8.0.0..8.0.25
PHP lt 8.1.0..8.1.12
Python Software Foundation CPython lt 3.6.0..3.7.16
Python Software Foundation CPython lt 3.8.0..3.8.16
Python Software Foundation CPython lt 3.9.0..3.9.16
Python Software Foundation CPython lt 3.10.0..3.10.9
Sha3 lt *..1.0.5
PyPy gte 7.0.0..*
Fixed in: PHP 7.4.33
PHP 8.0.25
PHP 8.1.12
Python Software Foundation CPython 3.7.16
Python Software Foundation CPython 3.8.16
Python Software Foundation CPython 3.9.16
Python Software Foundation CPython 3.10.9
Sha3 1.0.5

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Metrics

9.8

Priority

XIEM Effective CVSS: highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.

Source: NVD, CVSS v3

9.8

CVSS v3

Severity Critical on the scale from 0 to 10.

Source: Debian LTS, CVE.org, OSV, Debian, Siemens ProductCERT

7.4 %

EPSS score

Moderate — model estimates 1-10% exploitation likelihood.

Source: FIRST EPSS, percentile 94.4

Show all metrics

Severity: Critical
Priority (0–325) The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first? Read in glossary: 121.89 Methodology
Exploit maturity An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack. Read in glossary: no public PoC known
XIEM Effective CVSS XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command. Read in glossary: 9.8 Methodology
CVSS v3 CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions. Read in glossary: 9.8
EPSS score The EPSS score is the absolute model output for an individual vulnerability: the estimated probability of real-world exploitation within the next 30 days, expressed as a value between 0 and 1 (i.e. 0 % to 100 %). A score of 0.42 means „the model estimates a 42 % chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days“. Read in glossary: 7.4 %; Moderate — model estimates 1-10% exploitation likelihood.
EPSS percentile The EPSS percentile is the relative position of a vulnerability within all EPSS-scored CVEs, expressed as a value between 0 and 1. A percentile of 0.90 means „this CVE has a higher EPSS score than 90 % of all other scored CVEs“. Unlike the EPSS score, it is not a probability — but a positioning within a ranking. Read in glossary: 94.4; Critical — this CVE ranks in the top fifth of all CVEs scored today (rank ≥ 80%).
KEV status The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching. Read in glossary: —
Published: 21.10.2022

Detection rules

No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.

Classification under NIS2 and CRA

Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.

NIS2 NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management. Read in glossary: High technical severity: assess and remediate the vulnerability in vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2 and document the decision.
CRA The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates. Read in glossary: From 11.12.2027, Annex I Part II CRA requires manufacturers of affected products with digital elements to handle vulnerabilities without delay and provide security updates.
ISO/IEC 27001 ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security. Read in glossary: Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.

Description

Source: Debian LTS Advisories, NVD (NIST), OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities), Debian Security Advisories, cvelistv5, siemens_advisory

Affected products

The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.

Affected products
		Affected versions	Fixed in
extended_keccak_code_package_project	extended_keccak_code_package	`—`	—
php	php	`8.1.0 – < 8.1.12` `8.0.0 – < 8.0.25` `7.2.0 – < 7.4.33`	`8.1.12` `8.0.25` `7.4.33`
pypy	pypy	`≥ 7.0.0`	—
pysha3_project	pysha3	`—`	—
python	python	`3.9.0 – < 3.9.16` `3.10.0 – < 3.10.9` `3.8.0 – < 3.8.16` `3.6.0 – < 3.7.16`	`3.9.16` `3.10.9` `3.8.16` `3.7.16`
sha3_project	sha3	`< 1.0.5`	`1.0.5`

Vendors and products

Affected operating systems

Affected operating systems

Linux	debian	debian_linux	`10.0`
Linux	debian	debian_linux	`11.0`
Linux	debian	php7.4	`bullseye`
Linux	debian	pypy3	`bullseye`
Linux	debian	pysha3	`bullseye`
Linux	debian	python3.9	`bullseye`
Other	fedoraproject	fedora	`35`
Other	fedoraproject	fedora	`36`

References & sources

github.comXKCP/XKCP/security/advisories/GHSA-6w4m-2xhg-2658web
NVD (NIST)vuln/detail/CVE-2022-37454advisory
github.comXKCP/XKCP/issues/105web
github.comjohanns/sha3/issues/17web
github.comtiran/pysha3/issues/29web
github.comXKCP/XKCP/commit/fdc6fef075f4e81d6b1bc38364248975e08e340aweb
github.comjohanns/sha3/commit/5f2e8118a62831911703c8753ff2435c3b5d7312web
debian.orgsecurity/2022/dsa-5269web
debian.orgsecurity/2022/dsa-5267web
security.gentoo.orgglsa/202305-02web
news.ycombinator.comitem?id=35050307web
news.ycombinator.comitem?id=33281106web
mouha.besha-3-buffer-overflowweb
lists.fedoraproject.orgarchives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/…web
lists.fedoraproject.orgarchives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/…web
lists.fedoraproject.orgarchives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/…web
lists.fedoraproject.orgarchives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/…web
lists.debian.orgdebian-lts-announce/2022/11/msg00000.htmlweb
lists.debian.orgdebian-lts-announce/2022/10/msg00041.htmlweb
github.comrubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/sha3/CVE-2022-37454.y…web

Changes to this CVE

Who changed this CVE and when: NVD (analysis, affected products, CVSS), the CVE publisher (CNA) and additional providers such as CISA (ADP).

14.10.2026Record modifiedMITRE

New references:

and 8 more references

Show 36 original changes

Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
Type	Action	Before	After
Reference	added	—	https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/hash-functions/sha-3-project
Reference	added	—	https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/331
Reference	added	—	https://github.com/XKCP/XKCP/security/advisories/GHSA-6w4m-2xhg-2658
Reference	added	—	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/10/msg00041.html
Reference	added	—	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/11/msg00000.html
Reference	added	—	https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3ALQ6BDDPX5HU5YBQOBMDVAA2TSGDKIJ/
Reference	added	—	https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CMIEXLMTW5GO36HTFFWIPB3OHZXCT3G4/
Reference	added	—	https://mouha.be/sha-3-buffer-overflow/
Reference	added	—	https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33281106
Reference	added	—	https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35050307
Reference	added	—	https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-02
Reference	added	—	https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5267
Reference	added	—	https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5269
Reference	removed	https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/hash-functions/sha-3-project	—
Reference	removed	https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/331	—
Reference	removed	https://github.com/XKCP/XKCP/security/advisories/GHSA-6w4m-2xhg-2658	—
Reference	removed	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/10/msg00041.html	—
Reference	removed	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/11/msg00000.html	—
Reference	removed	https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3ALQ6BDDPX5HU5YBQOBMDVAA2TSGDKIJ/	—
Reference	removed	https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CMIEXLMTW5GO36HTFFWIPB3OHZXCT3G4/	—
Reference	removed	https://mouha.be/sha-3-buffer-overflow/	—
Reference	removed	https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33281106	—
Reference	removed	https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35050307	—
Reference	removed	https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-02	—
Reference	removed	https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5267	—
Reference	removed	https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5269	—
Reference type	removed	https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/hash-functions/sha-3-project Types: Third Party Advisory, US Government Resource	—
Reference type	removed	https://github.com/XKCP/XKCP/security/advisories/GHSA-6w4m-2xhg-2658 Types: Patch, Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/10/msg00041.html Types: Mailing List, Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/11/msg00000.html Types: Mailing List, Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3ALQ6BDDPX5HU5YBQOBMDVAA2TSGDKIJ/ Types: Mailing List, Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CMIEXLMTW5GO36HTFFWIPB3OHZXCT3G4/ Types: Mailing List, Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://mouha.be/sha-3-buffer-overflow/ Types: Exploit, Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33281106 Types: Issue Tracking, Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5267 Types: Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5269 Types: Third Party Advisory	—

Source identifier: cve@mitre.org

14.10.2026Record modifiedCVE Program

New references:

and 8 more references

Show 38 original changes

Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
Type	Action	Before	After
Reference	added	—	https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/hash-functions/sha-3-project
Reference	added	—	https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/331
Reference	added	—	https://github.com/XKCP/XKCP/security/advisories/GHSA-6w4m-2xhg-2658
Reference	added	—	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/10/msg00041.html
Reference	added	—	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/11/msg00000.html
Reference	added	—	https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3ALQ6BDDPX5HU5YBQOBMDVAA2TSGDKIJ/
Reference	added	—	https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CMIEXLMTW5GO36HTFFWIPB3OHZXCT3G4/
Reference	added	—	https://mouha.be/sha-3-buffer-overflow/
Reference	added	—	https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33281106
Reference	added	—	https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35050307
Reference	added	—	https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-02
Reference	added	—	https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230203-0001/
Reference	added	—	https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5267
Reference	added	—	https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5269
Reference	removed	https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/hash-functions/sha-3-project	—
Reference	removed	https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/331	—
Reference	removed	https://github.com/XKCP/XKCP/security/advisories/GHSA-6w4m-2xhg-2658	—
Reference	removed	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/10/msg00041.html	—
Reference	removed	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/11/msg00000.html	—
Reference	removed	https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3ALQ6BDDPX5HU5YBQOBMDVAA2TSGDKIJ/	—
Reference	removed	https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CMIEXLMTW5GO36HTFFWIPB3OHZXCT3G4/	—
Reference	removed	https://mouha.be/sha-3-buffer-overflow/	—
Reference	removed	https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33281106	—
Reference	removed	https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35050307	—
Reference	removed	https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-02	—
Reference	removed	https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230203-0001/	—
Reference	removed	https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5267	—
Reference	removed	https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5269	—
Reference type	removed	https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/hash-functions/sha-3-project Types: Third Party Advisory, US Government Resource	—
Reference type	removed	https://github.com/XKCP/XKCP/security/advisories/GHSA-6w4m-2xhg-2658 Types: Patch, Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/10/msg00041.html Types: Mailing List, Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/11/msg00000.html Types: Mailing List, Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3ALQ6BDDPX5HU5YBQOBMDVAA2TSGDKIJ/ Types: Mailing List, Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CMIEXLMTW5GO36HTFFWIPB3OHZXCT3G4/ Types: Mailing List, Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://mouha.be/sha-3-buffer-overflow/ Types: Exploit, Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33281106 Types: Issue Tracking, Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5267 Types: Third Party Advisory	—
Reference type	removed	https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5269 Types: Third Party Advisory	—

Source identifier: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108

14.10.2026Record modifiedSiemens ADP

New references:

Show 4 original changes

Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
Type	Action	Before	After
Affected versions (publisher)	added	—	New affected value received. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2022/37xxx/CVE-2022-37454.json">CVE-2022-37454</a>
Reference	added	—	https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-398330.html
Reference	added	—	https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-455250.html
Reference	added	—	https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-806742.html

Source identifier: 0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e

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<a href="https://intel.neosec.eu/en/cve/CVE-2022-37454"><img src="https://intel.neosec.eu/badge/cve/CVE-2022-37454.svg?lang=en" alt="CVE-2022-37454 – NEOSEC Intel" height="20"></a>