CriticalCVE-2016-3718

    ImageMagick Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) Vulnerability (CVE-2016-3718)

    Published In CISA KEV since Sources: CVE.org

    What is affected, what to do

    The (1) HTTP and (2) FTP coders in ImageMagick before 6.9.3-10 and 7.x before 7.0.1-1 allow remote attackers to conduct server-side request forgery (SSRF) attacks via a crafted image.

    The vulnerability is being actively exploited; treat it as a priority. Update ImageMagick to version 6.9.3-10. Immediate actions, mitigation and detection rules are in the runbook below.

    Affected
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Desktop eq 6.0..6.0
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Desktop eq 7.0..7.0
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Extended Update Support (EUS) eq 6.7..6.7
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Extended Update Support (EUS) eq 7.2..7.2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Extended Update Support (EUS) eq 7.3..7.3
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Extended Update Support (EUS) eq 7.4..7.4
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Extended Update Support (EUS) eq 7.5..7.5
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Extended Update Support (EUS) eq 7.6..7.6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Extended Update Support (EUS) eq 7.7..7.7
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For IBM Z Systems eq 6.0_s390x..6.0_s390x
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For IBM Z Systems eq 7.0_s390x..7.0_s390x
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For IBM Z Systems (Extended Update Support) eq 6.7_s390x..6.7_s390x
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For IBM Z Systems (Extended Update Support) eq 7.2_s390x..7.2_s390x
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For IBM Z Systems (Extended Update Support) eq 7.3_s390x..7.3_s390x
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For IBM Z Systems (Extended Update Support) eq 7.4_s390x..7.4_s390x
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For IBM Z Systems (Extended Update Support) eq 7.5_s390x..7.5_s390x
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For IBM Z Systems (Extended Update Support) eq 7.6_s390x..7.6_s390x
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For IBM Z Systems (Extended Update Support) eq 7.7_s390x..7.7_s390x
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Big Endian eq 6.0_ppc64..6.0_ppc64
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Big Endian eq 7.0_ppc64..7.0_ppc64
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Big Endian Eus eq 6.7_ppc64..6.7_ppc64
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Big Endian Eus eq 7.2_ppc64..7.2_ppc64
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Big Endian Eus eq 7.3_ppc64..7.3_ppc64
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Big Endian Eus eq 7.4_ppc64..7.4_ppc64
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Big Endian Eus eq 7.5_ppc64..7.5_ppc64
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Big Endian Eus eq 7.6_ppc64..7.6_ppc64
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Big Endian Eus eq 7.7_ppc64..7.7_ppc64
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Little Endian eq 7.0_ppc64le..7.0_ppc64le
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Little Endian Eus eq 7.2_ppc64le..7.2_ppc64le
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Little Endian Eus eq 7.3_ppc64le..7.3_ppc64le
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Little Endian Eus eq 7.4_ppc64le..7.4_ppc64le
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Little Endian Eus eq 7.5_ppc64le..7.5_ppc64le
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Little Endian Eus eq 7.6_ppc64le..7.6_ppc64le
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux For Power Little Endian Eus eq 7.7_ppc64le..7.7_ppc64le
    • RedHat Enterprise Linux HPC Node eq 6.0..6.0
    • RedHat Enterprise Linux HPC Node eq 7.0..7.0
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux HPC Node (EUS) eq 7.2..7.2
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server eq 6.0..6.0
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server eq 7.0..7.0
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server Advanced mission critical Update Support (AUS) eq 7.2..7.2
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server Advanced mission critical Update Support (AUS) eq 7.3..7.3
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server Advanced mission critical Update Support (AUS) eq 7.4..7.4
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server Advanced mission critical Update Support (AUS) eq 7.6..7.6
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server Advanced mission critical Update Support (AUS) eq 7.7..7.7
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server From Rhui eq 6.0..6.0
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server From Rhui eq 7.0..7.0
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Supplementary (EUS) eq 6.7z..6.7z
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (TUS) eq 7.2..7.2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (TUS) eq 7.3..7.3
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (TUS) eq 7.6..7.6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (TUS) eq 7.7..7.7
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Workstation eq 6.0..6.0
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Workstation eq 7.0..7.0
    • ImageMagick lt *..6.9.3-10
    • ImageMagick eq 7.0.0-0..7.0.0-0
    • ImageMagick eq 7.0.1-0..7.0.1-0
    • Canonical Ubuntu Linux eq 12.04..12.04
    • Canonical Ubuntu Linux eq 14.04..14.04
    • Canonical Ubuntu Linux eq 15.10..15.10
    • Canonical Ubuntu Linux eq 16.04..16.04
    • Oracle Linux eq 6..6
    • Oracle Linux eq 7..7
    • Oracle Solaris eq 10..10
    • Oracle Solaris eq 11.3..11.3
    • SUSE Linux Enterprise Debuginfo eq 11..11
    • SUSE Manager eq 2.1..2.1
    • SUSE Manager Proxy eq 2.1..2.1
    • Suse Openstack Cloud eq 5..5
    • openSUSE Leap eq 42.1..42.1
    • OpenSUSE eq 13.2..13.2
    • SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop eq 12..12
    • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server eq 11..11
    • SUSE Linux Enterprise Server eq 12..12
    • SUSE Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit (SDK) eq 11..11
    • SUSE Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit (SDK) eq 12..12
    • SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension eq 12..12
    Fixed in
    • ImageMagick 6.9.3-10

    Not sure whether and how you are affected? Ask a question about this vulnerability

    Metrics

    5.5

    Priority

    XIEM Effective CVSS: highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.

    Source: NVD, CVSS v3

    5.5

    CVSS v3

    Severity Medium on the scale from 0 to 10.

    Source: CVE.org

    75.6 %

    EPSS score

    High — model estimates ≥ 50% chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days.

    Source: FIRST EPSS, percentile 99.52

    Show all metrics
    Severity
    Critical
    Priority (0–325)

    The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first?

    Read in glossary
    206.73 Methodology
    Exploit maturity

    An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack.

    Read in glossary
    actively exploited
    XIEM Effective CVSS

    XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command.

    Read in glossary
    5.5 Methodology
    CVSS v3

    CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.

    Read in glossary
    5.5
    EPSS score

    The EPSS score is the absolute model output for an individual vulnerability: the estimated probability of real-world exploitation within the next 30 days, expressed as a value between 0 and 1 (i.e. 0 % to 100 %). A score of 0.42 means „the model estimates a 42 % chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days“.

    Read in glossary
    75.6 %
    High — model estimates ≥ 50% chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days.
    EPSS percentile

    The EPSS percentile is the relative position of a vulnerability within all EPSS-scored CVEs, expressed as a value between 0 and 1. A percentile of 0.90 means „this CVE has a higher EPSS score than 90 % of all other scored CVEs“. Unlike the EPSS score, it is not a probability — but a positioning within a ranking.

    Read in glossary
    99.52
    Critical — this CVE ranks in the top fifth of all CVEs scored today (rank ≥ 80%).
    KEV status

    The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.

    Read in glossary
    Actively exploited
    Published
    In CISA KEV since

    The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.

    Read in glossary

    Response and mitigation

    Why act now?

    Prioritisation rationale

    CVE-2016-3718 belongs to the "ImageTragick" family and is abused through web applications that pass user uploads to ImageMagick. The CVSS vector nominally says local with user interaction, but in practice a single crafted upload makes the server issue arbitrary HTTP or FTP requests into internal networks or to cloud metadata services. Exploitation likelihood is very high; CISA records no known ransomware use. Typical targets are CMSs, avatar and document upload features, and cloud-hosted SaaS back ends. Treat internet-facing image processing as high priority (remediate within days), and purely internal batch pipelines that never handle untrusted input as considerably lower.

    1. Runbook step 1

      Immediate response (0-24 h)

      • Inventory: Identify every system running ImageMagick, especially web apps with image upload, thumbnailing, CMSs, document converters, and bindings such as PHP-Imagick, RMagick and PythonMagick. Check with convert -version or magick -version, plus dpkg -l | grep -i imagemagick and rpm -qa | grep -i ImageMagick. Include container images.
      • Patch: Upgrade to ImageMagick 6.9.3-10 or later, or 7.0.1-1 or later. Distro packages exist for Ubuntu 12.04, 14.04, 15.10 and 16.04 and for openSUSE Leap 42.1. Look up the exact package version in your distribution's advisory. Ubuntu 12.04, 14.04 and 15.10 are end-of-life, so plan a platform migration unless they are covered by extended support.
      • If you cannot patch now: Disable the dangerous coders in policy.xml (typically /etc/ImageMagick-6/policy.xml or /etc/ImageMagick/policy.xml). Older builds need one line per coder: <policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="URL" />, repeated for HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, MVG, MSL and EPHEMERAL. Verify with convert -list policy.
      • Contain live processing: Temporarily disable upload features on exposed applications, or route them to hardened workers, until the fix or policy is in place.
      • Compromise assessment: Review the past weeks of outbound connections from image-processing hosts. Look for traffic to 169.254.169.254 (cloud metadata), internal admin endpoints and unfamiliar external hosts. If you find any, rotate instance credentials and any reachable service tokens.

    2. Runbook step 2

      Mitigation layers

      • Input validation (application): Validate file types by magic bytes, not by extension, and allow-list PNG, JPEG and GIF only. Force the decoder explicitly (e.g. png:input) so ImageMagick never auto-detects MVG, SVG or MSL content.
      • Network segmentation: Place image workers in a dedicated segment with default-deny egress. Block 169.254.169.254 at the host firewall (iptables -A OUTPUT -d 169.254.169.254 -m owner ! --uid-owner root -j DROP), or enforce IMDSv2 with a hop limit of 1.
      • WAF/IPS: Inspect multipart uploads declared as images for MVG and SVG markers such as push graphic-context, viewbox, fill 'url(, url(http, url(ftp and xlink:href="http. Run the rule in log-only mode first, then switch to block after tuning.
      • Endpoint hardening: Run ImageMagick as a dedicated unprivileged user inside a sandbox: an AppArmor or SELinux profile, seccomp, or a network-less container (--network none).
      • IAM/least privilege: Strip the cloud roles attached to processing hosts down to the minimum, so any metadata credentials stolen via SSRF have a small blast radius.

    3. Runbook step 3

      Detection rules

      • Network telemetry (Zeek/Suricata): Watch for HTTP or FTP connections originating from image workers that deviate from baseline. Zeek example: http.log where id.orig_h in image_workers and host == "169.254.169.254". Suricata example: alert on http.uri; content:"/latest/meta-data" with the source in the worker subnet.
      • Linux auditd: Track the connect syscall for convert, magick, identify and mogrify: -a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S connect -F exe=/usr/bin/convert -k im_ssrf. Treat any network connection from these binaries as suspicious.
      • EDR/Sysmon for Linux: Alert on EID 3 (network connection) where Image ends in /convert or /magick, especially when the parent is php-fpm, apache2, nginx, ruby or python. Sigma shape: selection: Image|endswith: ['/convert','/magick'] ; condition: selection (logsource: linux/network_connection).
      • Web logs/upload storage: Flag files with image extensions whose content starts with push graphic-context, <?xml or <svg. YARA idea: strings: $a="push graphic-context" $b="url(" condition: $a and $b.
      • SIEM correlation (SPL): index=proxy src_ip IN (image_workers) | stats count by dest, url | where NOT dest IN (allowlist). Prioritise unusual destinations that appear shortly after POST uploads to the application.

    Detection rules

    No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.

    Classification under NIS2 and CRA

    Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.

    NIS2

    NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management.

    Read in glossary
    Actively exploited: treat the vulnerability as a priority in vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2. If it is exploited in your environment, check the reporting obligation under Art. 23 (early warning within 24 hours).
    CRA

    The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates.

    Read in glossary
    Since 11.09.2026, manufacturers of affected products with digital elements must report actively exploited vulnerabilities under Art. 14 CRA, with an early warning within 24 hours via ENISA's single reporting platform.
    ISO/IEC 27001

    ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security.

    Read in glossary
    Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.

    Description

    The (1) HTTP and (2) FTP coders in ImageMagick before 6.9.3-10 and 7.x before 7.0.1-1 allow remote attackers to conduct server-side request forgery (SSRF) attacks via a crafted image.

    Source: NVD (NIST), cvelistv5, CISA KEV Catalog, CVE.org (MITRE)

    Affected products

    The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.

    Affected products
    Affected versionsFixed in
    imagemagickimagemagick
    • 7.0.0-0
    • 7.0.1-0
    • < 6.9.3-10
    • —
    • —
    • 6.9.3-10
    suselinux_enterprise_debuginfo
    • 11
    • —
    susemanager
    • 2.1
    • —
    susemanager_proxy
    • 2.1
    • —
    suseopenstack_cloud
    • 5
    • —

    Vendors and products

    Affected operating systems

    Affected operating systems
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_desktop6.0
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_desktop7.0
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_eus6.7
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_eus7.2
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_eus7.3
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_eus7.4
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_eus7.5
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_eus7.6
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_eus7.7
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems6.0_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems7.0_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus6.7_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus7.2_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus7.3_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus7.4_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus7.5_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus7.6_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus7.7_s390x
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian6.0_ppc64
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian7.0_ppc64
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian_eus6.7_ppc64
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian_eus7.2_ppc64
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian_eus7.3_ppc64
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian_eus7.4_ppc64

    Public exploit references

    Publicly reported proof-of-concepts, exploit modules and detection templates for this vulnerability. NEOSEC links to the original sources only and does not provide any exploit code.

    Public exploit references
    CISA KEV CatalogCISA Known Exploited Vulnerability (opens in a new tab)cisa.govactively exploited
    Exploit-DBEDB-ID 39767 (opens in a new tab)exploit-db.comPoC (publicly reported)reported, not verified—

    References & sources

    • git.imagemagick.orgrepos/ImageMagick/blob/a01518e08c840577cabd7d3ff291a9ba735f7276…x_refsource_CONFIRM, Patch, Vendor advisory
    • lists.opensuse.orgopenSUSE-SU-2016:1266Vendor advisory, x_refsource_SUSE, Third-party advisory
    • oracle.comtechnetwork/topics/security/linuxbulletinapr2016-2952096.htmlx_refsource_CONFIRM, Third-party advisory
    • imagemagick.orgdiscourse-server/viewtopic.php?f=4&t=29588x_refsource_CONFIRM, Vendor advisory
    • lists.opensuse.orgopenSUSE-SU-2016:1326Vendor advisory, x_refsource_SUSE, Third-party advisory
    • ubuntu.comUSN-2990-1Vendor advisory, x_refsource_UBUNTU, Third-party advisory
    • lists.opensuse.orgopenSUSE-SU-2016:1261Vendor advisory, x_refsource_SUSE, Third-party advisory
    • securityfocus.com20160513 May 2016 - HipChat Server - Critical Security AdvisoryMailing list, x_refsource_BUGTRAQ, Broken link, Third-party advisory, Vulnerability database
    • exploit-db.com39767Exploit, x_refsource_EXPLOIT-DB, Third-party advisory, Vulnerability database
    • lists.opensuse.orgSUSE-SU-2016:1260Vendor advisory, x_refsource_SUSE, Third-party advisory
    • lists.debian.org[debian-lts-announce] 20180627 [SECURITY] [DLA 1401-1] graphicsmagick security updateMailing list, x_refsource_MLIST, Mailing list, Third-party advisory
    • oracle.comtechnetwork/topics/security/bulletinjul2016-3090568.htmlx_refsource_CONFIRM, Third-party advisory
    • openwall.com[oss-security] 20160504 Re: ImageMagick Is On Fire -- CVE-2016-3714Mailing list, x_refsource_MLIST, Mailing list, Third-party advisory
    • security.gentoo.orgGLSA-201611-21Vendor advisory, x_refsource_GENTOO, Third-party advisory
    • lists.opensuse.orgSUSE-SU-2016:1275Vendor advisory, x_refsource_SUSE, Third-party advisory
    • slackware.comSSA:2016-132-01Vendor advisory, x_refsource_SLACKWARE, Third-party advisory
    • imagemagick.orgscript/changelog.phpx_refsource_CONFIRM, Release notes
    • debian.orgDSA-3580Vendor advisory, x_refsource_DEBIAN, Mailing list, Third-party advisory
    • rhn.redhat.comRHSA-2016:0726Vendor advisory, x_refsource_REDHAT, Third-party advisory
    • cisa.govknown-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2016-3718government-resource, US government resource
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    <a href="https://intel.neosec.eu/en/cve/CVE-2016-3718"><img src="https://intel.neosec.eu/badge/cve/CVE-2016-3718.svg?lang=en" alt="CVE-2016-3718 – NEOSEC Intel" height="20"></a>