HighCVE-2016-1762

    XMLSoft libxml2: Buffer Over-read (CVE-2016-1762)

    Published Sources: CVE.org

    What is affected, what to do

    The xmlNextChar function in libxml2 before 2.9.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted XML document.

    Update Apple Safari to version 9.1, Apple iPhone OS to version 9.3, Apple Mac OS X to version 10.11.4.

    Affected
    • Apple Safari lt *..9.1
    • Apple iPhone OS lt *..9.3
    • Apple Mac OS X lt *..10.11.4
    • Apple tvOS lt *..9.2
    • Apple watchOS lt *..2.2
    • Debian Linux eq 8.0..8.0
    • Canonical Ubuntu Linux eq 12.04..12.04
    • Canonical Ubuntu Linux eq 14.04..14.04
    • Canonical Ubuntu Linux eq 15.10..15.10
    • Canonical Ubuntu Linux eq 16.04..16.04
    • XMLSoft libxml2 lt *..2.9.4
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Desktop eq 6.0..6.0
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Desktop eq 7.0..7.0
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server eq 6.0..6.0
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server eq 7.0..7.0
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server Advanced mission critical Update Support (AUS) eq 7.2..7.2
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server Advanced mission critical Update Support (AUS) eq 7.3..7.3
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server Advanced mission critical Update Support (AUS) eq 7.4..7.4
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server Advanced mission critical Update Support (AUS) eq 7.6..7.6
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server Extended Update Support (EUS) eq 7.2..7.2
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server Extended Update Support (EUS) eq 7.3..7.3
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server Extended Update Support (EUS) eq 7.4..7.4
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server Extended Update Support (EUS) eq 7.5..7.5
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Server Extended Update Support (EUS) eq 7.6..7.6
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (TUS) eq 7.2..7.2
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (TUS) eq 7.3..7.3
    • Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server (TUS) eq 7.6..7.6
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Workstation eq 6.0..6.0
    • Redhat Enterprise Linux Workstation eq 7.0..7.0
    • McAfee Web Gateway lte *..7.5.2.10
    • McAfee Web Gateway lte 7.5.2.11..7.6.2.3
    Fixed in
    • Apple Safari 9.1
    • Apple iPhone OS 9.3
    • Apple Mac OS X 10.11.4
    • Apple tvOS 9.2
    • Apple watchOS 2.2
    • XMLSoft libxml2 2.9.4

    Not sure whether and how you are affected? Ask a question about this vulnerability

    Metrics

    8.1

    Priority

    XIEM Effective CVSS: highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.

    Source: NVD, CVSS v3

    8.1

    CVSS v3

    Severity High on the scale from 0 to 10.

    Source: CVE.org

    6.1 %

    EPSS score

    Moderate — model estimates 1-10% exploitation likelihood.

    Source: FIRST EPSS, percentile 93.5

    Show all metrics
    Severity
    High
    Priority (0–325)

    The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first?

    Read in glossary
    110.36 Methodology
    Exploit maturity

    An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack.

    Read in glossary
    no public PoC known
    XIEM Effective CVSS

    XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command.

    Read in glossary
    8.1 Methodology
    CVSS v3

    CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.

    Read in glossary
    8.1
    EPSS score

    The EPSS score is the absolute model output for an individual vulnerability: the estimated probability of real-world exploitation within the next 30 days, expressed as a value between 0 and 1 (i.e. 0 % to 100 %). A score of 0.42 means „the model estimates a 42 % chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days“.

    Read in glossary
    6.1 %
    Moderate — model estimates 1-10% exploitation likelihood.
    EPSS percentile

    The EPSS percentile is the relative position of a vulnerability within all EPSS-scored CVEs, expressed as a value between 0 and 1. A percentile of 0.90 means „this CVE has a higher EPSS score than 90 % of all other scored CVEs“. Unlike the EPSS score, it is not a probability — but a positioning within a ranking.

    Read in glossary
    93.5
    Critical — this CVE ranks in the top fifth of all CVEs scored today (rank ≥ 80%).
    KEV status

    The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.

    Read in glossary
    —
    Published
    CISA assessment (SSVC)
    Exploitation: none known · not automatable · Technical impact: partial
    Source: CISA Vulnrichment, as of 17 December 2025
    CWE

    CWE is a catalogue of typical weakness types in software and hardware — such as flawed input validation, unsafe memory handling or poor authentication. Where a CVE names a concrete vulnerability in a concrete product, a CWE describes the underlying class of defect.

    Read in glossary
    CWE-122

    Detection rules

    No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.

    Classification under NIS2 and CRA

    Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.

    NIS2

    NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management.

    Read in glossary
    High technical severity: assess and remediate the vulnerability in vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2 and document the decision.
    CRA

    The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates.

    Read in glossary
    From 11.12.2027, Annex I Part II CRA requires manufacturers of affected products with digital elements to handle vulnerabilities without delay and provide security updates.
    ISO/IEC 27001

    ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security.

    Read in glossary
    Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.

    Description

    The xmlNextChar function in libxml2 before 2.9.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted XML document.

    Source: NVD (NIST), cvelistv5

    Affected products

    The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.

    Affected products
    Affected versionsFixed in
    applesafari
    • < 9.1
    • 9.1
    mcafeeweb_gateway
    • 7.5.2.11 – ≤ 7.6.2.3
    • ≤ 7.5.2.10
    • —
    • —
    xmlsoftlibxml2
    • < 2.9.4
    • 2.9.4

    Vendors and products

    Affected operating systems

    Affected operating systems
    Linuxdebiandebian_linux8.0
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_desktop6.0
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_desktop7.0
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_server6.0
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_server7.0
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_server_aus7.2
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_server_aus7.3
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_server_aus7.4
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_server_aus7.6
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_server_eus7.2
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_server_eus7.3
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_server_eus7.4
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_server_eus7.5
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_server_eus7.6
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_server_tus7.2
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_server_tus7.3
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_server_tus7.6
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_workstation6.0
    Linuxredhatenterprise_linux_workstation7.0
    Linuxcanonicalubuntu_linux12.04
    Linuxcanonicalubuntu_linux14.04
    Linuxcanonicalubuntu_linux15.10
    Linuxcanonicalubuntu_linux16.04
    macOSapplemac_os_x—

    Weakness classes (CWE)

    • CWE-122Heap-based Buffer Overflow

      Variant

      A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().

      Entry at MITRE CWE-122

    References & sources

    • oracle.comtechnetwork/topics/security/ovmbulletinjul2016-3090546.htmlx_refsource_CONFIRM, Third-party advisory
    • kc.mcafee.comcorporate/index?page=content&id=SB10170x_refsource_CONFIRM, Patch, Third-party advisory
    • lists.apple.comAPPLE-SA-2016-03-21-5Vendor advisory, x_refsource_APPLE, Mailing list, Vendor advisory
    • support.apple.comHT206167x_refsource_CONFIRM, Vendor advisory
    • support.apple.comHT206168x_refsource_CONFIRM, Vendor advisory
    • access.redhat.comRHSA-2016:1292Vendor advisory, x_refsource_REDHAT, Third-party advisory
    • lists.apple.comAPPLE-SA-2016-03-21-6Vendor advisory, x_refsource_APPLE, Mailing list, Vendor advisory
    • oracle.comtechnetwork/topics/security/linuxbulletinjul2016-3090544.htmlx_refsource_CONFIRM, Third-party advisory
    • debian.orgDSA-3593Vendor advisory, x_refsource_DEBIAN, Third-party advisory
    • securitytracker.com1035353Vulnerability database, x_refsource_SECTRACK, Third-party advisory, Vulnerability database
    • lists.apple.comAPPLE-SA-2016-03-21-1Vendor advisory, x_refsource_APPLE, Mailing list, Vendor advisory
    • xmlsoft.orgnews.htmlx_refsource_CONFIRM, Release notes, Vendor advisory
    • bugzilla.gnome.orgshow_bug.cgi?id=759671x_refsource_CONFIRM, Exploit, Issue tracking, Third-party advisory
    • ubuntu.comUSN-2994-1Vendor advisory, x_refsource_UBUNTU, Third-party advisory
    • lists.apple.comAPPLE-SA-2016-03-21-2Vendor advisory, x_refsource_APPLE, Mailing list, Vendor advisory
    • git.gnome.orgbrowse/libxml2/commit/?id=a7a94612aa3b16779e2c74e1fa353b5d9786c…x_refsource_CONFIRM, Patch, Third-party advisory
    • support.apple.comHT206171x_refsource_CONFIRM, Vendor advisory
    • rhn.redhat.comRHSA-2016:2957Vendor advisory, x_refsource_REDHAT, Third-party advisory
    • lists.apple.comAPPLE-SA-2016-03-21-3Vendor advisory, x_refsource_APPLE, Mailing list, Vendor advisory
    • support.apple.comHT206169x_refsource_CONFIRM, Vendor advisory
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    Badge preview for CVE-2016-1762
    <a href="https://intel.neosec.eu/en/cve/CVE-2016-1762"><img src="https://intel.neosec.eu/badge/cve/CVE-2016-1762.svg?lang=en" alt="CVE-2016-1762 – NEOSEC Intel" height="20"></a>