CriticalCVE-2026-126148

    FortiAnalyzer-BigData: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') (CVE-2026-126148)

    Published Sources: BSI

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    What is affected, what to do

    A improper neutralization of special elements used in an os command ('os command injection') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiMail 8.0.0 through 8.0.1, FortiMail 7.6.0 through 7.6.6 may allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via crafted HA join-request packets.

    The available sources name no fixed version. Check the vendor guidance in the references below.

    Affected
    • Fortinet FortiMail lte 8.0.0..8.0.1
    • Fortinet FortiMail lte 7.6.0..7.6.6

    Not sure whether and how you are affected? Ask a question about this vulnerability

    Metrics

    9.8

    XIEM Effective CVSS

    Highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.

    Source: Vendor (CNA), CVSS v3

    9.8

    CVSS v3

    Severity Critical on the scale from 0 to 10.

    Source: BSI

    2.4 %

    EPSS score

    Moderate — model estimates 1-10% exploitation likelihood.

    Source: FIRST EPSS, percentile 84.6

    Show all metrics
    Severity
    Critical
    Priority (0–325)

    The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first?

    Read in glossary
    85.51 Methodology
    Exploit maturity

    An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack.

    Read in glossary
    no public PoC known
    XIEM Effective CVSS

    XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command.

    Read in glossary
    9.8 Methodology
    CVSS v3

    CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.

    Read in glossary
    9.8
    EPSS score

    The EPSS score is the absolute model output for an individual vulnerability: the estimated probability of real-world exploitation within the next 30 days, expressed as a value between 0 and 1 (i.e. 0 % to 100 %). A score of 0.42 means „the model estimates a 42 % chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days“.

    Read in glossary
    2.4 %
    Moderate — model estimates 1-10% exploitation likelihood.
    EPSS percentile

    The EPSS percentile is the relative position of a vulnerability within all EPSS-scored CVEs, expressed as a value between 0 and 1. A percentile of 0.90 means „this CVE has a higher EPSS score than 90 % of all other scored CVEs“. Unlike the EPSS score, it is not a probability — but a positioning within a ranking.

    Read in glossary
    84.6
    Critical — this CVE ranks in the top fifth of all CVEs scored today (rank ≥ 80%).
    KEV status

    The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.

    Read in glossary
    —
    Published
    CWE

    CWE is a catalogue of typical weakness types in software and hardware — such as flawed input validation, unsafe memory handling or poor authentication. Where a CVE names a concrete vulnerability in a concrete product, a CWE describes the underlying class of defect.

    Read in glossary
    CWE-78

    Detection rules

    No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.

    Classification under NIS2 and CRA

    Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.

    NIS2

    NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management.

    Read in glossary
    High technical severity: assess and remediate the vulnerability in vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2 and document the decision.
    CRA

    The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates.

    Read in glossary
    From 11.12.2027, Annex I Part II CRA requires manufacturers of affected products with digital elements to handle vulnerabilities without delay and provide security updates.
    ISO/IEC 27001

    ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security.

    Read in glossary
    Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.

    Description

    A improper neutralization of special elements used in an os command ('os command injection') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiMail 8.0.0 through 8.0.1, FortiMail 7.6.0 through 7.6.6 may allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via crafted HA join-request packets.

    Source: BSI WID Portal

    Affected products

    The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.

    Affected products
    Affected versionsFixed in
    FortinetFortiAnalyzer Cloud
    • 7.0.1 – ≤ 7.0.16
    • 7.2.1 – ≤ 7.2.12
    • 7.2.1 – ≤ 7.2.13
    • 7.2.2 – ≤ 7.2.13
    • 7.2.4 – ≤ 7.2.12
    • 7.4.1 – ≤ 7.4.11
    • 7.6.0 – ≤ 7.6.7
    • 7.6.1 – ≤ 7.6.8
    • 7.6.3 – ≤ 7.6.7
    • 7.6.7
    • 8.0.0
    • 8.0.0 – ≤ 8.0.1
    • 8.0.1
    • 8.0.1 – ≤ 8.0.2
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    FortinetFortiAnalyzer-BigData
    • 7.6.0 – ≤ 7.6.2
    • —
    FortinetFortiClientEMS
    • 7.2.0 – ≤ 7.2.10
    • 7.2.12 – ≤ 7.2.15
    • 7.4.0 – ≤ 7.4.1
    • 7.4.3 – ≤ 7.4.7
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    FortinetFortiClientMac
    • 7.4.0 – ≤ 7.4.7
    • —
    FortinetFortiClientWindows
    • 7.2.0 – ≤ 7.2.14
    • 7.4.0 – ≤ 7.4.7
    • —
    • —
    FortinetFortiClientWindowsPAM
    • 7.2.14
    • 7.4.7
    • —
    • —
    FortinetFortiMail
    • 7.0.0 – ≤ 7.0.9
    • 7.2.0 – ≤ 7.2.9
    • 7.4.0 – ≤ 7.4.6
    • 7.4.0 – ≤ 7.4.8
    • 7.6.0 – ≤ 7.6.4
    • 7.6.0 – ≤ 7.6.6
    • 8.0.0 – ≤ 8.0.1
    • 8.0.0 – ≤ 8.0.2
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    FortinetFortiManager Cloud
    • 7.0.1 – ≤ 7.0.16
    • 7.2.1 – ≤ 7.2.10
    • 7.2.1 – ≤ 7.2.12
    • 7.2.1 – ≤ 7.2.13
    • 7.2.2 – ≤ 7.2.13
    • 7.2.4 – ≤ 7.2.12
    • 7.4.1 – ≤ 7.4.11
    • 7.4.1 – ≤ 7.4.7
    • 7.6.0 – ≤ 7.6.4
    • 7.6.0 – ≤ 7.6.7
    • 7.6.1 – ≤ 7.6.8
    • 7.6.3 – ≤ 7.6.7
    • 7.6.7
    • 8.0.0
    • 8.0.0 – ≤ 8.0.1
    • 8.0.1
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —
    • —

    Vendors and products

    Affected operating systems

    Affected operating systems
    Mobilefortinetfortios7.0.5
    Mobilefortinetfortios6.4.6
    Mobilefortinetfortios7.0.0
    Mobilefortinetfortios8.0.0
    Mobilefortinetfortios7.4.9
    Mobilefortinetfortios6.4.11
    Mobilefortinetfortios7.2.6
    Mobilefortinetfortios6.4.16
    Mobilefortinetfortios7.4.5
    Mobilefortinetfortios7.4.8
    Mobilefortinetfortios7.6.6
    Mobilefortinetfortios7.0.2
    Mobilefortinetfortios7.4.11
    Mobilefortinetfortios7.0.14
    Mobilefortinetfortios6.4.9
    Mobilefortinetfortios7.6.7
    Mobilefortinetfortios7.0.15
    Mobilefortinetfortios6.4.12
    Mobilefortinetfortios6.4.1
    Mobilefortinetfortios8.0.1
    Mobilefortinetfortios7.0.10
    Mobilefortinetfortios7.2.8
    Mobilefortinetfortios7.0.17
    Mobilefortinetfortios6.4.8

    Weakness classes (CWE)

    • CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

      Base

      The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component.

      Entry at MITRE CWE-78

    References & sources

    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-190 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-192 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-193 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-194 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-195 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-196 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-197 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-198 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-199 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-200 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-201 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-203 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-204 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-205 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-206 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-207 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-208 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-209 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-210 vom 2026-11-10BSI
    • fortiguard.comFortiGuard Labs PSIRT Advisory FG-IR-26-211 vom 2026-11-10BSI

    Changes to this CVE

    Who changed this CVE and when: NVD (analysis, affected products, CVSS), the CVE publisher (CNA) and additional providers such as CISA (ADP).

    1. Receivedfortinet.com

      CVSS V3.1: AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

      Weakness type: CWE-78

      Description added or changed

      Show 5 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Descriptionadded
      —
      A improper neutralization of special elements used in an os command ('os command injection') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiMail 8.0.0 through 8.0.1, FortiMail 7.6.0 through 7.6.6 may allow an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via crafted HA join-request packets.
      CVSSadded
      —
      AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
      Weakness type (CWE)added
      —
      CWE-78
      Affected versions (publisher)added
      —
      New affected value received. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/126xxx/CVE-2026-126148.json">CVE-2026-126148</a>
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-26-200

      Source identifier: psirt@fortinet.com

    Linked CVEs

    Linked CVEs
    CriticalCVE-2026-126263Fortinet FortiMail: SQL Injection9.4—
    CriticalCVE-2026-126262Fortinet FortiAnalyzer: SQL Injection9.3—
    CriticalCVE-2026-126261Fortinet FortiManager: Improper Authorization9.0—
    Not ratedCVE-2026-126260Vulnerability CVE-2026-126260——
    HighCVE-2026-126258Fortinet FortiOS: Stack-based Buffer Overflow7.1—
    HighCVE-2026-126256Fortinet FortiOS: Out-of-bounds Read7.4—
    HighCVE-2026-126255Fortinet FortiOS: Path Traversal: '../filedir'7.4—
    CriticalCVE-2026-126254Fortinet FortiOS: Numeric Truncation Error9.6—
    CriticalCVE-2026-126253Fortinet FortiOS: Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness9.3—
    HighCVE-2026-126236Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: OS Command Injection7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126235Fortinet FortiAnalyzer Cloud: Path Traversal7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126234Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126232Fortinet FortiAnalyzer Cloud: Improper Certificate Validation7.5—
    HighCVE-2026-126231Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: OS Command Injection7.2—
    CriticalCVE-2026-126229Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key9.1—
    HighCVE-2026-126228Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Out-of-bounds Write7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126226Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: OS Command Injection7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126225Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Missing Authorization7.1—
    HighCVE-2026-126224Fortinet FortiAnalyzer Cloud: Argument Injection7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126222Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Path Traversal7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126221Fortinet FortiAnalyzer Cloud: Injection7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126220Fortinet FortiManager: Injection7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126219Fortinet FortiAnalyzer Cloud: Path Traversal7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126218Fortinet FortiManager: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key8.2—
    Show 44 more CVEs
    Linked CVEs
    HighCVE-2026-126217Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Incorrect Authorization8.7—
    HighCVE-2026-126216Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Improper Privilege Management8.7—
    HighCVE-2026-126215Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Incorrect Authorization8.7—
    HighCVE-2026-126214Fortinet FortiAnalyzer Cloud: Authentication Bypass by Spoofing8.7—
    HighCVE-2026-126213Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: SQL Injection7.1—
    HighCVE-2026-126212Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Heap-based Buffer Overflow7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126211Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Improper Privilege Management7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126185Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Code Injection7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126184Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Authentication Bypass by Spoofing8.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126183Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key8.7—
    HighCVE-2026-126182Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Code Injection7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126180Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine8.4—
    HighCVE-2026-126179Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: OS Command Injection7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126178Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Heap-based Buffer Overflow7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126175Fortinet FortiAnalyzer Cloud: SQL Injection8.8—
    HighCVE-2026-126171Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Use of Externally-Controlled Format String7.2—
    CriticalCVE-2026-126170Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output9.8—
    HighCVE-2026-126169Fortinet FortiMail: Argument Injection7.6—
    HighCVE-2026-126168Fortinet FortiMail: Argument Injection7.6—
    HighCVE-2026-126167Fortinet FortiMail: Command Injection7.6—
    HighCVE-2026-126166Fortinet FortiMail: Argument Injection7.6—
    HighCVE-2026-126165Fortinet FortiMail: Memory Allocation with Excessive Size Value7.5—
    CriticalCVE-2026-126164Fortinet FortiMail: SQL Injection9.4—
    HighCVE-2026-126160Fortinet FortiMail: Improper Authentication8.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126159Fortinet FortiMail: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key7.5—
    HighCVE-2026-126158Fortinet FortiMail: OS Command Injection7.2—
    CriticalCVE-2026-126157Fortinet FortiMail: Improper Authentication9.1—
    CriticalCVE-2026-126156Fortinet FortiMail: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key9.1—
    CriticalCVE-2026-126155Fortinet FortiMail: Incorrect Authorization9.1—
    HighCVE-2026-126154Fortinet FortiMail: Out-of-bounds Write7.5—
    HighCVE-2026-126153Fortinet FortiMail: Path Traversal7.5—
    HighCVE-2026-126152Fortinet FortiMail: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key8.1—
    HighCVE-2026-126151Fortinet FortiMail: Incorrect Implementation of Authentication Algorithm7.5—
    HighCVE-2026-126149Fortinet FortiMail: Integer Overflow or Wraparound7.5—
    CriticalCVE-2026-126148Fortinet FortiMail: OS Command Injection9.8—
    CriticalCVE-2026-126147Fortinet FortiMail: Path Traversal9.8—
    HighCVE-2026-126146Fortinet FortiMail: OS Command Injection7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126145Fortinet FortiMail: OS Command Injection7.2—
    HighCVE-2026-126144Fortinet FortiMail: OS Command Injection8.8—
    MediumCVE-2026-121530Fortinet FortiOS: Improper Authentication6.6—
    CriticalCVE-2026-121529Fortinet FortiClientMac: Origin Validation Error9.1—
    HighCVE-2026-121528Fortinet FortiOS: Improper Certificate Validation7.7—
    MediumCVE-2026-121527Fortinet FortiClientEMS: Execution with Unnecessary Privileges6.3—
    HighCVE-2025-61625Fortinet FortiManager Cloud: Path Traversal8.1—
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    Badge preview for CVE-2026-126148
    <a href="https://intel.neosec.eu/en/cve/CVE-2026-126148"><img src="https://intel.neosec.eu/badge/cve/CVE-2026-126148.svg?lang=en" alt="CVE-2026-126148 – NEOSEC Intel" height="20"></a>