HighCVE-2026-23392

    Linux Kernel: Use After Free (CVE-2026-23392)

    Published Last modified Sources: Siemens ProductCERT, Debian LTS, Ubuntu, Debian, SUSE, Red Hat, BSI, Msrc Update Guide, EUVD, CVE.org

    What is affected, what to do

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_tables: release flowtable after rcu grace period on error Call synchronize_rcu() after unregistering the hooks from error path, since a hook that already refers to this flowtable can be already registered, exposing this flowtable to packet path and nfnetlink_hook control plane. This error path is rare, it should only happen by reaching the maximum number hooks or by failing to set up to hardware offload, just call synchronize_rcu().

    Update Linux Kernel to version 5.10.273, Linux Kernel to version 5.15.224, Linux Kernel to version 6.1.167.

    Affected
    • Linux Kernel lt 4.16..5.10.273
    • Linux Kernel lt 5.11..5.15.224
    • Linux Kernel lt 5.16..6.1.167
    • Linux Kernel lt 6.2..6.6.130
    • Linux Kernel lt 6.7..6.12.78
    • Linux Kernel lt 6.13..6.18.20
    • Linux Kernel lt 6.19..6.19.10
    • Linux Kernel lt 6.20..7.0
    Fixed in
    • Linux Kernel 5.10.273
    • Linux Kernel 5.15.224
    • Linux Kernel 6.1.167
    • Linux Kernel 6.6.130
    • Linux Kernel 6.12.78
    • Linux Kernel 6.18.20
    • Linux Kernel 6.19.10
    • Linux Kernel 7.0

    Not sure whether and how you are affected? Ask a question about this vulnerability

    Metrics

    7.8

    Priority

    XIEM Effective CVSS: highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.

    Source: NVD, CVSS v3

    7.8

    CVSS v3

    Severity High on the scale from 0 to 10.

    Source: Siemens ProductCERT, Debian LTS, Ubuntu, Debian, SUSE, Red Hat, BSI, Msrc Update Guide, EUVD, CVE.org

    0.2 %

    EPSS score

    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.

    Source: FIRST EPSS, percentile 5.8

    Show all metrics
    Severity
    High
    Priority (0–325)

    The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first?

    Read in glossary
    54.76 Methodology
    Exploit maturity

    An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack.

    Read in glossary
    no public PoC known
    XIEM Effective CVSS

    XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command.

    Read in glossary
    7.8 Methodology
    CVSS v3

    CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.

    Read in glossary
    7.8
    EPSS score

    The EPSS score is the absolute model output for an individual vulnerability: the estimated probability of real-world exploitation within the next 30 days, expressed as a value between 0 and 1 (i.e. 0 % to 100 %). A score of 0.42 means „the model estimates a 42 % chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days“.

    Read in glossary
    0.2 %
    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.
    EPSS percentile

    The EPSS percentile is the relative position of a vulnerability within all EPSS-scored CVEs, expressed as a value between 0 and 1. A percentile of 0.90 means „this CVE has a higher EPSS score than 90 % of all other scored CVEs“. Unlike the EPSS score, it is not a probability — but a positioning within a ranking.

    Read in glossary
    5.8
    Low — this CVE sits in the lower 10% of all CVEs scored today.
    KEV status

    The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.

    Read in glossary
    —
    Published
    CISA assessment (SSVC)
    Exploitation: none known · not automatable · Technical impact: total
    Source: CISA Vulnrichment, as of 16 October 2026
    CWE

    CWE is a catalogue of typical weakness types in software and hardware — such as flawed input validation, unsafe memory handling or poor authentication. Where a CVE names a concrete vulnerability in a concrete product, a CWE describes the underlying class of defect.

    Read in glossary
    CWE-416

    Detection rules

    No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.

    Classification under NIS2 and CRA

    Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.

    NIS2

    NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management.

    Read in glossary
    High technical severity: assess and remediate the vulnerability in vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2 and document the decision.
    CRA

    The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates.

    Read in glossary
    From 11.12.2027, Annex I Part II CRA requires manufacturers of affected products with digital elements to handle vulnerabilities without delay and provide security updates.
    ISO/IEC 27001

    ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security.

    Read in glossary
    Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.

    Description

    In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_tables: release flowtable after rcu grace period on error Call synchronize_rcu() after unregistering the hooks from error path, since a hook that already refers to this flowtable can be already registered, exposing this flowtable to packet path and nfnetlink_hook control plane. This error path is rare, it should only happen by reaching the maximum number hooks or by failing to set up to hardware offload, just call synchronize_rcu(). There is a check for already used device hooks by different flowtable that could result in EEXIST at this late stage. The hook parser can be updated to perform this check earlier to this error path really becomes rarely exercised. Uncovered by KASAN reported as use-after-free from nfnetlink_hook path when dumping hooks.

    Source: siemens_advisory, Debian LTS Advisories, Ubuntu Security Notices, Debian Security Advisories, suse_csaf, redhat_csaf, BSI WID Portal, BSI CSAF, Microsoft Security Update Guide, ENISA EUVD, cvelistv5, NVD (NIST), CVE.org (MITRE)

    Affected products

    The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.

    Affected products
    Affected versionsFixed in
    LinuxLinux
    • 5.11 – < 5.15.224
    • 4.16 – < 5.10.273
    • 6.2 – < 6.6.130
    • 6.7 – < 6.12.78
    • 6.19 – < 6.19.10
    • 6.13 – < 6.18.20
    • 6.20 – < 7.0
    • 5.16 – < 6.1.167
    • 5.15.224
    • 5.10.273
    • 6.6.130
    • 6.12.78
    • 6.19.10
    • 6.18.20
    • 7.0
    • 6.1.167
    IBMDataPower Gateway
    • < 11.0.0.3
    • < 10.6.0.11
    • < 10.5.0.23
    • 11.0.0.3
    • 10.6.0.11
    • 10.5.0.23
    SiemensSIMATIC S7
    • 1500 TM MFP V1.1.1 GNU/Linux subsystem
    • —

    Vendors and products

    Affected operating systems

    Affected operating systems
    Linuxdebianlinuxbookworm
    Linuxdebianlinuxtrixie
    Linuxdebianlinux-6.1bullseye
    Linuxlinuxlinux_kernel4.16
    Linuxlinuxlinux_kernel7.0
    Linuxlinuxlinux_kernel—

    Weakness classes (CWE)

    • CWE-416Use After Free

      Variant

      The product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory "belongs" to the code that operates on the new pointer.

      Entry at MITRE CWE-416

    References & sources

    Changes to this CVE

    Who changed this CVE and when: NVD (analysis, affected products, CVSS), the CVE publisher (CNA) and additional providers such as CISA (ADP).

    1. Record modifiedLinux

      Show 3 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Affected versions (publisher)added
      —
      Affected value modified. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/23xxx/CVE-2026-23392.json">CVE-2026-23392</a>
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/29538fb3f412f3ce5ad9f97fe7fd84952dacd3af
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ec0f801e5ce0162fc4fea95607c716b264d283fb

      Source identifier: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67

    2. Record modifiedCISA ADP

      Weakness type: CWE-416

      Show the original change
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Weakness type (CWE)added
      —
      CWE-416

      Source identifier: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    3. Record modifiedCISA ADP

      CISA assessment (SSVC): exploitation: none known, automatable: no

      Show the original change
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      SSVC assessmentadded
      —
      {"id":"CVE-2026-23392","role":"CISA Coordinator","options":[{"exploitation":"none"},{"automatable":"no"},{"technicalImpact":"total"}],"version":"2.0.3","timestamp":"2026-10-16T15:07:35.820469Z"}

      Source identifier: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

    4. Record modifiedLinux

      Show 18 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7e3955b282eae20d61c75e499c75eade51c20060
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/adee3436ccd29f1e514c028899e400cbc6d84065
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c8092edb9a11f20f95ccceeb9422b7dd0df337bd
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d2632de96ccb066e0131ad1494241b9c281c60b8
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d73f4b53aaaea4c95f245e491aa5eeb8a21874ce
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e78a2dcc7cfb87b64a631441ca7681492b347ef6
      Referenceremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7e3955b282eae20d61c75e499c75eade51c20060
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/adee3436ccd29f1e514c028899e400cbc6d84065
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c8092edb9a11f20f95ccceeb9422b7dd0df337bd
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d2632de96ccb066e0131ad1494241b9c281c60b8
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d73f4b53aaaea4c95f245e491aa5eeb8a21874ce
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e78a2dcc7cfb87b64a631441ca7681492b347ef6
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7e3955b282eae20d61c75e499c75eade51c20060 Types: Patch
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/adee3436ccd29f1e514c028899e400cbc6d84065 Types: Patch
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c8092edb9a11f20f95ccceeb9422b7dd0df337bd Types: Patch
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d2632de96ccb066e0131ad1494241b9c281c60b8 Types: Patch
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d73f4b53aaaea4c95f245e491aa5eeb8a21874ce Types: Patch
      —
      Reference typeremoved
      https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e78a2dcc7cfb87b64a631441ca7681492b347ef6 Types: Patch
      —

      Source identifier: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67

    5. Record modifiedSiemens ADP

      Show 7 original changes
      Individual changes of this event as published by NVD
      TypeActionBeforeAfter
      Affected versions (publisher)added
      —
      Affected value modified. <a href="https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/blob/main/cves/2026/23xxx/CVE-2026-23392.json">CVE-2026-23392</a>
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-457936.html
      Referenceadded
      —
      https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784472.html
      Referenceremoved
      https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html
      —
      Referenceremoved
      https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html
      —

      Source identifier: 0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e

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