CriticalCVE-2025-2146

    Canon Satera MF656Cdw: Out-of-bounds Write (CVE-2025-2146)

    Published Sources: CVE.org

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    What is affected, what to do

    Buffer overflow in WebService Authentication processing of Small Office Multifunction Printers and Laser Printers(*) which may allow an attacker on the network segment to trigger the affected product being unresponsive or to execute arbitrary code. *: Satera MF656Cdw/Satera MF654Cdw/Satera MF551dw/Satera MF457dw firmware v05.07 and earlier sold in Japan. Color imageCLASS MF656Cdw/Color imageCLASS MF654Cdw/Color imageCLASS MF653Cdw/Color imageCLASS MF652Cdw/Color imageCLASS LBP633Cdw/Color imageCLASS LBP632Cdw/imageCLASS MF455dw/imageCLASS MF453dw/imageCLASS MF452dw/imageCLASS MF451dw/imageCLASS LBP237dw/imageCLASS LBP236dw/imageCLASS X MF1238 II/imageCLASS X MF1643i II/imageCLASS X MF1643iF II/imageCLASS X LBP1238 II firmware v05.07 and earlier sold in US. i-SENSYS MF657Cdw/i-SENSYS MF655Cdw/i-SENSYS MF651Cdw/i-SENSYS LBP633Cdw/i-SENSYS LBP631Cdw/i-SENSYS MF553dw/i-SENSYS MF552dw/i-SENSYS MF455dw/i-SENSYS MF453dw/i-SENSYS LBP236dw/i-SENSYS LBP233dw/imageRUNNER 1643iF II/imageRUNNER 1643i II/i-SENSYS X 1238iF II/i-SENSYS X 1238i II/i-SENSYS X 1238P II/i-SENSYS X 1238Pr II firmware v05.07 and earlier sold in Europe.

    The available sources name no fixed version. Check the vendor guidance in the references below.

    Affected
    • Canon Satera MF656Cdw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon Satera MF654Cdw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon Satera MF551dw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon Satera MF457dw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon Color imageCLASS MF656Cdw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon Color imageCLASS MF654Cdw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon Color imageCLASS MF653Cdw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon Color imageCLASS MF652Cdw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon Color imageCLASS LBP633Cdw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon Color imageCLASS LBP632Cdw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon imageCLASS MF455dw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon imageCLASS MF453dw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon imageCLASS MF452dw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon imageCLASS MF451dw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon imageCLASS LBP237dw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon imageCLASS LBP236dw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon imageCLASS X MF1238 II eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon imageCLASS X MF1643i II eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon imageCLASS X MF1643iF II eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon imageCLASS X LBP1238 II eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon i-SENSYS MF657Cdw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon i-SENSYS MF655Cdw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon i-SENSYS MF651Cdw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon i-SENSYS LBP633Cdw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon i-SENSYS LBP631Cdw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon i-SENSYS MF553dw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon i-SENSYS MF552dw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon i-SENSYS MF455dw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon i-SENSYS MF453dw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon i-SENSYS LBP236dw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon i-SENSYS LBP233dw eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon imageRUNNER 1643iF II eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon imageRUNNER 1643i II eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon i-SENSYS X 1238iF II eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon i-SENSYS X 1238i II eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon i-SENSYS X 1238P II eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier
    • Canon i-SENSYS X 1238Pr II eq 05.07 and earlier..05.07 and earlier

    Not sure whether and how you are affected? Ask a question about this vulnerability

    Metrics

    9.8

    Priority

    XIEM Effective CVSS: highest available CVSS rating from NVD and vendor data.

    Source: NVD, CVSS v3

    9.8

    CVSS v3

    Severity Critical on the scale from 0 to 10.

    Source: CVE.org

    0.9 %

    EPSS score

    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.

    Source: FIRST EPSS, percentile 60.3

    Show all metrics
    Severity
    Critical
    Priority (0–325)

    The priority score is a consolidated metric that condenses several individual signals into a single, action-guiding ranking: technical severity (CVSS), exploitation likelihood (EPSS), known-exploited status (KEV) and the context of the affected asset. The aim is to answer the only truly important question in vulnerability management: what first?

    Read in glossary
    87.11 Methodology
    Exploit maturity

    An exploit is code or a technique that specifically uses a concrete vulnerability to force unintended behaviour — such as executing code or escalating privileges. It is the tool that turns a theoretical flaw into a practical attack.

    Read in glossary
    no public PoC known
    XIEM Effective CVSS

    XIEM® is the tiered managed-security operating model from NEOSEC and a registered trademark of NEOSEC GmbH. It extends classic SIEM — the central collection, normalisation and correlation of security-relevant events — with endpoint forensics, network visibility and deception technology, and consolidates them into three building tiers: Sentry, Orchestrate and Command.

    Read in glossary
    9.8 Methodology
    CVSS v3

    CVSS is the globally established, open standard for assessing the technical severity of a vulnerability on a scale from 0 to 10. It describes how easily a flaw can be exploited and what damage it can cause — but not how likely its actual exploitation is. CVSS and the complementary EPSS deliberately answer different questions.

    Read in glossary
    9.8
    EPSS score

    The EPSS score is the absolute model output for an individual vulnerability: the estimated probability of real-world exploitation within the next 30 days, expressed as a value between 0 and 1 (i.e. 0 % to 100 %). A score of 0.42 means „the model estimates a 42 % chance of real-world exploitation within 30 days“.

    Read in glossary
    0.9 %
    Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.
    EPSS percentile

    The EPSS percentile is the relative position of a vulnerability within all EPSS-scored CVEs, expressed as a value between 0 and 1. A percentile of 0.90 means „this CVE has a higher EPSS score than 90 % of all other scored CVEs“. Unlike the EPSS score, it is not a probability — but a positioning within a ranking.

    Read in glossary
    60.3
    High — this CVE ranks above the median of all CVEs scored today (rank ≥ 36%).
    KEV status

    The KEV catalogue is a list maintained by the US authority CISA of vulnerabilities for which active exploitation in the wild has been confirmed. It answers not the question „how severe?“ but „is it already being attacked?“ — thereby sharply prioritising patching.

    Read in glossary
    —
    Published
    CISA assessment (SSVC)
    Exploitation: none known · automatable · Technical impact: total
    Source: CISA Vulnrichment, as of 27 May 2025
    CWE

    CWE is a catalogue of typical weakness types in software and hardware — such as flawed input validation, unsafe memory handling or poor authentication. Where a CVE names a concrete vulnerability in a concrete product, a CWE describes the underlying class of defect.

    Read in glossary
    CWE-787

    Detection rules

    No NEOSEC detection rule is available for this vulnerability yet.

    Classification under NIS2 and CRA

    Rule-based classification from exploitation status and severity. It does not replace a case-by-case assessment.

    NIS2

    NIS2 is EU Directive (EU) 2022/2555 to raise the level of cybersecurity across the Union. It substantially broadens obligations compared with the first NIS directive: more sectors, mandatory risk management, staged reporting duties and personal accountability of senior management.

    Read in glossary
    High technical severity: assess and remediate the vulnerability in vulnerability handling under Art. 21(2)(e) NIS2 and document the decision.
    CRA

    The CRA is EU Regulation (EU) 2024/2847 setting horizontal cybersecurity requirements for „products with digital elements“ — from industrial controllers and software to connected consumer devices. For the first time manufacturers must ensure security across the entire product lifecycle, handle vulnerabilities and provide security updates.

    Read in glossary
    From 11.12.2027, Annex I Part II CRA requires manufacturers of affected products with digital elements to handle vulnerabilities without delay and provide security updates.
    ISO/IEC 27001

    ISO/IEC 27001 is the internationally leading standard for an information security management system (ISMS). It describes a risk-based, process-oriented framework to systematically plan, implement, review and improve information security.

    Read in glossary
    Control A.8.8, management of technical vulnerabilities: assess relevance to your systems, plan remediation and keep evidence.

    Description

    Buffer overflow in WebService Authentication processing of Small Office Multifunction Printers and Laser Printers(*) which may allow an attacker on the network segment to trigger the affected product being unresponsive or to execute arbitrary code. *: Satera MF656Cdw/Satera MF654Cdw/Satera MF551dw/Satera MF457dw firmware v05.07 and earlier sold in Japan. Color imageCLASS MF656Cdw/Color imageCLASS MF654Cdw/Color imageCLASS MF653Cdw/Color imageCLASS MF652Cdw/Color imageCLASS LBP633Cdw/Color imageCLASS LBP632Cdw/imageCLASS MF455dw/imageCLASS MF453dw/imageCLASS MF452dw/imageCLASS MF451dw/imageCLASS LBP237dw/imageCLASS LBP236dw/imageCLASS X MF1238 II/imageCLASS X MF1643i II/imageCLASS X MF1643iF II/imageCLASS X LBP1238 II firmware v05.07 and earlier sold in US. i-SENSYS MF657Cdw/i-SENSYS MF655Cdw/i-SENSYS MF651Cdw/i-SENSYS LBP633Cdw/i-SENSYS LBP631Cdw/i-SENSYS MF553dw/i-SENSYS MF552dw/i-SENSYS MF455dw/i-SENSYS MF453dw/i-SENSYS LBP236dw/i-SENSYS LBP233dw/imageRUNNER 1643iF II/imageRUNNER 1643i II/i-SENSYS X 1238iF II/i-SENSYS X 1238i II/i-SENSYS X 1238P II/i-SENSYS X 1238Pr II firmware v05.07 and earlier sold in Europe.

    Source: NVD (NIST), cvelistv5, CVE.org (MITRE)

    Affected products

    The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.

    Affected products
    Affected versionsFixed in
    Canon Inc.Color imageCLASS LBP632Cdw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.Color imageCLASS LBP633Cdw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.Color imageCLASS MF652Cdw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.Color imageCLASS MF653Cdw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.Color imageCLASS MF654Cdw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.Color imageCLASS MF656Cdw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.i-SENSYS LBP233dw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.i-SENSYS LBP236dw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.i-SENSYS LBP631Cdw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.i-SENSYS LBP633Cdw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.i-SENSYS MF453dw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.i-SENSYS MF455dw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.i-SENSYS MF552dw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.i-SENSYS MF553dw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.i-SENSYS MF651Cdw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.i-SENSYS MF655Cdw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.i-SENSYS MF657Cdw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.i-SENSYS X 1238i II
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.i-SENSYS X 1238iF II
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.i-SENSYS X 1238P II
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.i-SENSYS X 1238Pr II
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.imageCLASS LBP236dw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.imageCLASS LBP237dw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.imageCLASS MF451dw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.imageCLASS MF452dw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.imageCLASS MF453dw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.imageCLASS MF455dw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.imageCLASS X LBP1238 II
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.imageCLASS X MF1238 II
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.imageCLASS X MF1643i II
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.imageCLASS X MF1643iF II
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.imageRUNNER 1643i II
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.imageRUNNER 1643iF II
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.Satera MF457dw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.Satera MF551dw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.Satera MF654Cdw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —
    Canon Inc.Satera MF656Cdw
    • 05.07 and earlier
    • —

    Vendors and products

    Affected operating systems

    Affected operating systems
    Othercanoni-sensys_lbp233dw_firmware—
    Othercanoni-sensys_lbp236dw_firmware—
    Othercanoni-sensys_lbp631cdw_firmware—
    Othercanoni-sensys_lbp633cdw_firmware—
    Othercanoni-sensys_mf453dw_firmware—
    Othercanoni-sensys_mf455dw_firmware—
    Othercanoni-sensys_mf552dw_firmware—
    Othercanoni-sensys_mf553dw_firmware—
    Othercanoni-sensys_mf651cdw_firmware—
    Othercanoni-sensys_mf655cdw_firmware—
    Othercanoni-sensys_mf657cdw_firmware—
    Othercanoni-sensys_x_1238i_ii_firmware—
    Othercanoni-sensys_x_1238if_ii_firmware—
    Othercanoni-sensys_x_1238p_ii_firmware—
    Othercanoni-sensys_x_1238pr_ii_firmware—
    Othercanonimageclass_lbp236dw_firmware—
    Othercanonimageclass_lbp237dw_firmware—
    Othercanonimageclass_lbp632cdw_firmware—
    Othercanonimageclass_lbp633cdw_firmware—
    Othercanonimageclass_mf451dw_firmware—
    Othercanonimageclass_mf452dw_firmware—
    Othercanonimageclass_mf453dw_firmware—
    Othercanonimageclass_mf455dw_firmware—
    Othercanonimageclass_mf652cdw_firmware—

    Weakness classes (CWE)

    • CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write

      Base

      The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

      Entry at MITRE CWE-787

    References & sources

    • psirt.canonadvisory-information/cp2025-001Vendor advisory, Vendor advisory
    • canon.jpsupport/support-info/250127vulnerability-responseVendor advisory, Vendor advisory
    • usa.canon.comsupport/canon-product-advisories/service-notice-regarding-vulne…Vendor advisory, Vendor advisory
    • canon-europe.comsupport/product-securityVendor advisory, Vendor advisory
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    Badge preview for CVE-2025-2146
    <a href="https://intel.neosec.eu/en/cve/CVE-2025-2146"><img src="https://intel.neosec.eu/badge/cve/CVE-2025-2146.svg?lang=en" alt="CVE-2025-2146 – NEOSEC Intel" height="20"></a>