Intel

CVE-2026-44490

axios: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution') (CVE-2026-44490)

mediumEPSS 0.4%

Affected

  • npm/axios 1.0.0..*

Description

Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. Prior to 0.32.0 and 1.16.0, axios exposes two read-side prototype-pollution gadgets. When Object.prototype is polluted by an upstream dependency in the same process (e.g. lodash _.merge / CVE-2018-16487), axios silently picks up the polluted values. (1) lib/utils.js line 406 builds merge()'s accumulator as result = {}, so result[targetKey] (line 414) walks Object.prototype and the polluted bucket's own keys are copied into the merged headers and ride out on the wire. (2) lib/core/mergeConfig.js line 26 builds the hasOwnProperty descriptor as a plain-object literal. Object.defineProperty reads descriptor.get/descriptor.set via the prototype chain, so a polluted Object.prototype.get or Object.prototype.set makes the call throw TypeError synchronously on every axios request. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.32.0 and 1.16.0.

Source: BSI WID PortalBSI CSAFcvelistv5CVE.org (MITRE)OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affected products

The following versions are affected. Older releases of the same product line are also vulnerable unless stated otherwise.

npmaxios
1.0.0

Metrics

XIEM Effective CVSS
4.8
Source: nvd-v3
EPSS percentile
32.5 %
Elevated — this CVE ranks above at least 10% of all CVEs scored today.
KEV status
—
Show all metrics
Severity
medium
Priority score
52.29
Exploit maturity
no public PoC known
CVSS v3
4.8
EPSS score
0.4 %
Low — model estimates < 1% exploitation likelihood.
Published
2026-06-11 15:36 UTC
CWE
CWE-1321

Weakness classes (CWE)

  • CWE-1321Variant

    Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')

    The product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype.

    cwe.mitre.org →

References & sources

Reanalysis & status changes

Chronological NVD audit events for this CVE — reanalyses, CVSS updates, CPE diffs.

  1. Initial Analysis2026-06-15 16:31 UTC· nvd@nist.gov
    • CVSS V3.1: AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
    • CPE Configuration: OR *cpe:2.3:a:axios:axios:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* versions up to (excluding) 0.32.0 *cpe:2.3:a:axios:axios:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* versions from (including) 1.0.0 up to (excluding) 1.16.0
    • Reference Type: CISA-ADP: https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisories/GHSA-898c-q2cr-xwhg Types: Exploit, Vendor Advisory
    • Reference Type: GitHub, Inc.: https://github.com/axios/axios/security/advisories/GHSA-898c-q2cr-xwhg Types: Exploit, Vendor Advisory